Description of papers

The experimental data bank was formed by analysis of results of thermophysical-properties measurements. It contains more than 700,000 numerical values of thermophysical properties of individual substances, their mixtures, oils and oil products. The bibliographic database contains more than 180,000 descriptions of papers dedicated to investigations of properties. The operating programs implement the following functions ... 

Statistical mechanics is the mathematical means to calculate the thermodynamic properties of bulk materials from a molecular description of the materials. Much of statistical mechanics is still at the paper-and-pencil stage of theory. Since quantum mechanicians cannot exactly solve the Schrodinger equation yet, statistical mechanicians do not really have even a starting point for a truly rigorous treatment. In spite of this limitation, some very useful results for bulk materials can be obtained. 

The controversy seemed then to be closed. In 1890 Hantzsch had already started his work on the structure of oximes, and his synthetic work on heterocycles was practically ended. However, 27 years later, in July 1919, Tcherniac published a new paper entitled TTiiocyanoacetone and its derivatives as isomerides (33), where, after the description of improved and generalized methods for the preparation of thiocyanoacetone he came to the explosive conclusion that the substance which has been known since 1887 as hydroxymethylthiazole is not a thiazole at all. It might be called 2-imino-4-methylthioxole, but for the sake of simplicity, and in view of the now proved existence of two other isomerides of thiocyanoacetone, it seems preferable to adopt the generic... 

Patent laws provide for several stages in the life of an application for a patent on an invention. The pattern followed by patent laws in effect in most industrialized countries during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and still in effect in the United States in 1995, calls for the examination of all patent appHcations to certify that the claimed invention meets the national standards for novelty, usehilness, and inventiveness. The owner of the technology to be patented files appHcation papers that include a specification containing a description of the invention to be patented (called the disclosure) and claims defining the limits of the invention to be protected by the patent, a formal request for the issuance of a patent, and fees. Drawings of devices and apparatuses, electrical circuits, flow charts, etc, are an important part of the disclosures of most nonchemical and many chemical patents. 

Description of normal stress measurements on a practical but complex material, paint, is available (150). More recent pubHcations (151—154) give the results of investigations of normal stress differences for a variety of materials. These papers and their references form a useful introduction to the measurement of normal stress differences. 

The monograph on zinc is a valuable general reference on zinc technology (3). Furthermore, detailed descriptions of extractive processes, resource data, and environmental- and energy-related papers from symposia of the Metallurgical Society of the AIME are a rich source of information (4—7). 

The review of Duvall and Graham [77D01], the paper of Brown and Shaner [84B02], and the book of Young [91Y02] provide thermodynamic descriptions of the melt process. 

Wiiest and Frey have pointed out that poppy straw has disadvantages in low yield of morphine and in bulkiness, and prefer poppy heads as a primary material. Many samples of capsules from seven countries were examined by them and found to yield from 0-18 to 0-9 per cent, of morphine, and they conclude that it should be possible to get ripe, dry capsules containing on the average 0-3 to 0-5 per cent, of morphine. Their paper includes a description of a process of analysis, which was found speedy and accurate. 

There is a second point to note in dementi s paper above where he speaks of 3d and 4f functions. These atomic orbitals play no part in the description of atomic electronic ground states for first- and second-row atoms, but on molecule formation the atomic electron density distorts and such polarization functions are needed to accurately describe the distortion. 

The Burgers vectors, glide plane and ine direction of the dislocations studied in this paper are given in table 1. Included in this table are also the results for the Peierls stresses as calculated here and, for comparison, those determined previously [6] with a different interatomic interaction model [16]. In the following we give for each of the three Burgers vectors under consideration a short description of the results. 

Malliaris, A. C. Hsia, H. and Gould, H. (1976). Concise Description of Auto Fuel Economy and Performance in Recent Model Years. SAE Paper 760045. Warrendale, PA Society ot Automotive Engineering. 

Bell s Theorem In a celebrated 1935 paper, Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (EPR) [ein35] argued that quantum mechanics provides an essentially incomplete description of reality unless hidden variables exist. 

The paper is oiganized to describe, first, the materials that have been used in OLEDs, then the device structures that have been evaluated. After a description of the methods used to characterize and evaluate materials and devices, we summarize the current stale of understanding of the physics of device operation, followed by a discussion of the mechanisms which lead to degradation and failure. Finally, we present the issues that must be addressed to develop a viable flat-panel display technology using OLEDs. Space and schedule prevent a comprehensive review of the vast literature in this rapidly moving field. We have tried to present... 

A crucial element in MTR is the profile of the localized state density as a function of eneigy, the so-called density of states (DOS). Unfortunately, a direct derivation of the DOS from the variation of the mobility is not straightforward. In two papers published in 1972 and 1976 [116, 117], Spear and Le Comber developed a method based on a simplified description of the accumulation layer, which was assumed to behave like a depletion (Schottky) layer, with a constant density of carrier up to a given thickness L This method has been more recently analyzed by Powell [118], who concluded that is was only able to give a rough estimate of the DOS. Nevertheless, we have used this method to estimate the DOS in 6T and DH6T [115] and found an exponential distribution of the form... 

Paper four first appeared in the Journal of Chemical Education and aimed to highlight one of the important ways in which the periodic table is not fully explained by quantum mechanics. The orbital model and the four quantum number description of electrons, as described earlier, is generally taken as the explanation of the periodic table but there is an important and often neglected limitation in this explanation. This is the fact that the possible combinations of four quantum numbers, which are strictly deduced from the theory, explain the closing of electron shells but not the closing of the periods. That is to say the deductive explanation only shows why successive electron shells can contain 2, 8, 18 and 32 electrons respectively. 

By the middle of the nineteenth century more than 60 elements were known with new ones continuing to be discovered. For each of these elements, chemists attempted to determine its atomic weight, density, specific heat, and other properties. The result was a collection of facts, which lacked rational order, Mendeleev noticed that if the elements were arranged by their atomic weights, then valencies and other properties tended to recur periodically. However, there were gaps in the pattern and in a paper of 1871 Mendeleev asserted that these corresponded to elements that existed but had not yet been discovered. He named three of these elements eka-aluminium, eka-boron and eka-silicon and gave detailed descriptions of their properties. The reaction of the scientific world was sceptical. But then in 1874 Lecoq de Boisbaudran found an... 

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