Deoxygenated blood

One of the remarkable features of the heart, which is about the size of a fist, is that the pumping action or contractions (- 70 times/min) of atria and ventricles are simultaneous. Deoxygenated blood is pumped out to the lungs from one side of the heart at the same time oxygenated blood is pumped out from the other side to the aorta and onward through the body. The entire process of blood flow between the atria, ventricles, and the principal vessels is in unison, controlled in part by four one-way valves. The atrioventricular valves, tricuspid on the right and mitral on the left, prevent blood from flowing... 

Deoxygenated blood Blood containing hemoglobin with oxygen levels be-... 

The lungs are covered extensively by a vast network of blood vessels, and almost all the blood in circulation flows through lungs. Deoxygenated blood is supplied to the lungs by the pulmonary artery. The pulmonary veins are similar to the arteries in branching, and their tissue structure is similar to that of systemic circulation. The total blood volume of the lungs is about 450 mL, which is about 10 percent of total-body blood volume.118... 

Absorption coefficients, fx, are shown for both oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. PBS, phosphate buffered saline. 

Lymphatic vessels infiltrate tissues that are bathed in fluid released from blood into those tissues. Pockets of fluid collect in the tissues, and increased pressure allows the fluid to seep into the lymphatic vessels. Whereas blood vessels return deoxygenated blood to the heart to be pumped to the lungg for oxygen, lymphatic vessels return fluid that has leaked out of the capillaries into various tissues. However, before this lymphatic fluid is rejoined with venous fluid at the thoracic duct, it is filtered through the lymph nodes to remove infectious agents. 

The NO heme reactions predominate in the deoxygenated blood to form either Hb(III) or Hb(II)NO [267]. However, the presence of O2 causes formation of S-nitrosohaemoglobin [268] leading to a shift of the Hb reduction potential. Although this reaction (rate constant 6 2 X 10 s ) is not as... 

Right Atrium Receives deoxygenated blood from the vena cava and coronary sinus and pumps blood into the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve... 

Pulmonary Circulation Transports deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle through the pulmonary artery to the lungs. Oxygenated blood returns through the pulmonary vein to the left atrium. 

Heme is strongly colored. Heme with an attached oxygen molecule is responsible for the red color of oxygenated blood and muscle and without oxygen for the bluish color of deoxygenated blood and muscle. 

Venous (red) thrombi develop in areas of slow blood flow (e.g., leg veins of a bedridden patient). The clot forms rapidly and lacks the organization of the arterial thrombus. Venous occlusion occurs, but is not the primary damage caused by venous thrombi. More worrisome is the tendency of small pieces (emboli) to detach from venous thrombi and travel to pulmonary arteries. The emboh wedge into pulmonary arteries, prohibiting deoxygenated blood from entering the portion of the limg served by the embolized artery. 

Right atrium. The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the circulation. 

The hearts of other vertebrates are similar except in the number of atria and ventricles (there may be one or two) and in the degree of separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. Invertebrates, however, show great variation in the form and functioning of the heart. 

Over ninety years ago, on November 8, 1845, Michael Faraday investigated the magnetic properties of dried blood and made a note Must tiy recent fluid blood. If he had determined the magnetic susceptibilities of arterial and Venous blood, he would have found them to differ by a large amount (as much as twenty per cent for completely oxygenated and completely deoxygenated blood) this discovery without doubt would have excited much interest and would have influenced appreciably the course of research on blood and hemoglobin. ... 

---