Extracellular degradation

Matrix metalloproteinases Zinc-dependent enzymes capable of degrading extracellular matrix proteins, including connective tissue. 

The ability to degrade extracellular poly(HA) is widely distributed among bacteria and fungi and depends on the secretion or surface-display of specific... 

Berasain, P., Goni, F., McGonigle, S., Dowd, A., Dalton, J.P., Frangione, B. and Carmona, C. (1997) Proteinases secreted by Fasciola hepatica degrade extracellular matrix and basement membrane components. Journal of Parasitology 83, 1-5. 

The MMPs are a family of zinc-dependent neutral endopep-tidases that share structural domains but differ in substrate specificity, cellular sources, and inductivity (Table I). All the MMPs are important for remodeling of the extra cellular matrix and share the following functional features (/) they degrade extracellular matrix components, including fibronectin, collagen, elastin, proteoglycans, and laminin, (//) they are secreted in a latent proform and require activation for proteolytic activity, (///) they contain zinc at their active site and need calcium for stability, (/V) they function at neutral pH, and (v) they are inhibited by specific tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). 

There is no question about the destructive potential of neutrophil proteinoses and their ability to degrade extracellular matrices. A topic that has been more... 

Matrix metalloproteinases are a recently discovered class of zinc enzymes able to degrade extracellular matrix components. [Zn(OH)TpCum,Me)] has been reported to cleave activated amides and ester.130 The reaction of [Zn(OH)(TpPB,Me)] with acetohydroxamic acid has been also described,131 as well as protonolis of zinc thiolate bond in [Zn(SPh)(Tpph)].132... 

Pseudomonas fluorescens BM07 was isolated from activated sludge in a municipal wastewater treatment plant in Chinju, Korea, in 2001 (Lee et al. 2001). This strain was able to produce up to 25.2% (w/w) mcl-PHA that contained 30.8 mol% 3-hydroxy-cM-5-dodecenoate and 4.5 mol% 3-hydroxy-cw-7-tetradecenoate from nonrelated carbon sources such as fructose and succinate. Interestingly, stearic acid was taken up by this strain and stored inside the cell as the free acid. P fluorescens, especially strain GK13, is better known for its capability of degrading extracellular poly[(R)-3-hydroxyoctano-ate] (Schirmer and Jendrossek 1994 Schirmer et al. 1993,1995). 

Chen, W. T., Yeh, Y., and Nakahara, H. (1994). An in vitro cell invasion Determination of cell surface proteolytic activity that degrades extracellular matrix. J. Tissue. Cult. Methods 16,177-181. 

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