Deformed metallic oscillators

With aluminum as a thin film the dangers of deformation and oscillation of the metal-electrolyte interface are eliminated and it might be possible to reduce the ACD to very small distances, perhaps of the order of a centimeter, with great saving in electrical energy consumption. 

DEFORMED HARMONIC OSCILLATORS FOR METAL CLUSTERS AND BALIAN-BLOCH THEORY... 

Deformed harmonic oscillators for metal clusters and Balian-Bloch theory 409... 

Reproduction of metal-cluster magic numbers using a -deformed, 3-dimensional, harmonic oscillator model... 

Recently it has been shown [21] that the spectrum of this g-deformed, 3-dimensional harmonic oscillator (Q30) reproduces very well that of the modified harmonic oscillator introduced by Nilsson [12, 15] without the spin-orbit coupling term. Since the Nilsson model without spin-orbit coupling is essentially the Nilsson-Clemenger model used for the description of metal clusters [11], it is worth examining whether the Q30 model can be used to reproduce the magic numbers and some other properties of simple metal clusters. 

Indeed it has been found [22] that Q30 (which follows ug(3) D sog(3) symmetry) yields correctly all magic numbers experimentally observed for alkali metal clusters up to 1500, the expected limit of validity for theories based on the filling of electronic shells [4], This indicates that u,(3), which is a nonlinear deformation of the u(3) symmetry describing the 3-dimensional isotropic (spherical) harmonic oscillator, is a good candidate for describing the symmetry of alkali metal clusters. 

This paper discusses in greater detail those properties of the Q30 that are needed for the description of metal clusters. We also calculate the full energy of the metal cluster and its second derivative as functions of the number of particles in the cluster and the deformation parameter of the oscillator. 

We have shown how to derive potentials which, when put into the standard Schrodinger equation, provide approximately the same spectrum as the q-deformed, 3-dimensional harmonic oscillator. In the present work, we have also found prescriptions for choosing the model parameters r and A, thus closing the procedure for obtaining magic numbers. This could be very useful in further investigations on other properties of metal clusters. 

Even insignihcant alterations of the polarization potential noticeably affect friction of the support. The cathodic polarization occurring on connection of the aluminum electrode of the M1-P-M2 system prolongs pendulum oscillations compared to anodic polarization. These patterns are affected by the electrical polarization, which changes the rheological properties of the oxide layers and secondary structures formed on the surface of metal parts in the conducting media. The shift of the oxide potential to that of the electrode of a cleaned metal is probably the reason for plastic deformation of the surface... 

IR spectra demonstrate the change in the intensity at the introduction of metal/carbon nanocomposite in comparison with the pure medium (IR spectra are given in Figure 8.21). The intensities of IR absorption bands are directly connected with the polarization of chemical bonds at the change in their length, valence angles at the deformation oscillations, i.e. at the change in molecule normal coordinates. 

In a manner analogous to TMA and DMA, a specimen can be subjected to a constant or oscillating electric field rather than a mechanical stress during measurements. Dipoles in the material will attempt to orient with the electric field, while ions, often present as impurities, will move toward the electrode of opposite polarity. The resulting current flow is similar in nature to the deformation brought about by mechanical tests and represents a measure of the freedom of charge carriers to respond to the applied field. The specimen is usually presented as a thin film between two metal electrodes so as to form a parallel plate capacitor. Two types of test can be performed. 

A drop-type impingement can also lead to purely mechanical damage and deformation on such parts where a liquid-filled gap, in this case between parts of a canned motor pump made of steel 1.4408, is submitted to transient stressing in the axial direction with simultaneous oscillating radial movement without contact between the metal surfaces. 

We first introduce the concept of deformation potential coupling which is applied to calculate the temperature dependence of elastic constants, followed by a presentation and discussion of relevant experimental data. Afterwards we shall present examples for magnetoacoustic quantum oscillations in rare-earth inter-metallics. 

Screw feeders are normally of metallic construction because of the cost/strength requirements for industrial applications. Some small feeders are constructed of non-ferrous materials to allow metal detectors to be used around the casing, rather than on the free fall of the flow stream. There are also casings made of flexible materials, for vibrators or oscillating pads to deform the walls in order to stimulate flow. While these are usually successful in promoting flow, the regime of flow that is created is generally uncertain and in most cases definitely not of a mass flow nature. 

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