Decontamination of skin

Absorb contaminating agent with absorbent materials (e.g., rub with flour followed by wet tissues or use military M291 resin kits for spot decontamination of skin only). 

These enzymes eould be used also for proteetion of skin (Fisher etal, 2005) and decontamination of skin, mucosa, and open wounds (Lejeune and Russell, 1999 Gill and Ballesteros, 2000). Genetieally engineered bacteria producing OP hydrolases eould be introduced into water effluents of decontamination units to purify contaminated water before recycling or washing up (Chen and Mulchandani, 1998). 

Nehles, J., Hall, A.H., Blomet, J., Mathieu, L. (2006). Diphoterine for emergent decontamination of skin/eye chemical splashes 24 cases. Cutan. Ocul. Toxicol. 25 249-58. 

Use Oxidizer, disinfectant, deodorizer, bleach, dye, tanning, radioactive decontamination of skin, reagent in analytical chemistry, medicine (antiseptic), manufacture of organic chemicals, air and water purification. 

D. Where a liquid hazard exists, decontamination of skin and eyes must be accomplished quickly if it is to be effective. Chemical agents may penetrate or react with the skin and eyes within minutes, so successful decontamination must be carried out immediately after exposure. Once agent is decontaminated, or has been absorbed, no further risk of contamination exists. The casualty s body fluids, urine, or feces do not constitute a CW hazard. 

Decontamination of skin, clothing, and snrface is extremely important. Personal decontamination kit and decon wipes are commercial available. Equipments should be rinsed with soap and water. Honse-hold bleach, sodium hypochlorite or calcium hypochlorite, is effective against snrface contamination. Such hypochlorite solutions, as well as caustic soda, caustic potash, or sodium carbonate, can hydrolyze nerve agents and other organophosphates. 

Decontamination is defined as the reduction or removal of chemical (or biological) agents so they are no longer hazards. Agents may be removed by physical means or be neutralized chemically (detoxification). Decontamination of skin is the primary concern, but decontamination of eyes and wounds must also be done when necessary. Decontamination can be further defined ... 

Both VX and HD contain sulfur atoms that are readily subject to oxidation. Current U.S. doctrine specifies the use of a 0.5% sodium or calcium hypochlorite solution for decontamination of skin and a 5% solution for equipment. 

In studying the effects of polyethylene glycol (PEG) for decontamination of skin exposures to phenol and related compounds in rats, Brown et al. [209] also compared PEG and water decontamination for 45 % sodium hydroxide and concentrated sulfuric acid exposures [209], While water decontamination was more efficacious than PEG, chemical skin injuries of various severities developed in all the animals exposed to sulfuric acid and in 12 of 90 animals exposed to 45 % sodium hydroxide, despite water rinsing [209],... 

Routine operations and experiments involve the handling of contaminated components and equipment, and may result in the spread of surface contamination. Procedures, facUities and equipment are therefore required for the decontamination of skin, clothing, tools, surfaces in controlled areas and equipment. A proper procedure should be established in which both the contaminant and the contaminated material are considered. 

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