Danish research

The work has been supported by The Danish Research Councils (Grants 11-0924-1 and 9600856), and through allocation of computer time at Uni-C, Lundtofte, Denmark (Grants 5.21.05.06 and 9701136). We are grateful to Dr. Frank Jensen, University of Odense, for valuable suggestions and discussions. 

This research was part of the frame programme Antioxidative Defence Interaction between Nutritive and Non-nutritive Antioxidants sponsored by the F0TEK programme (Danish Research Councils) through LMC-Centre for Advanced Food Studies. 

In 2001 two Danish researchers, Asbjorn Hrobjartsson and Peter Gotzsche, published an influential meta-analysis in which they estimated the difference between the effects of getting a placebo versus doing nothing at all.14 Although they found a significant placebo effect, especially in the treatment of pain, the overall effect seemed very small - much smaller than would have been expected of a powerful treatment. On the basis of these data, the researchers asked Is the placebo powerless and answered their own question by concluding that there was little evidence that placebos have powerful clinical effects. 

This is the basic problem with any attempt to evaluate the overall effectiveness of placebos, as Beecher and the Danish researchers had tried to do. There is not just one placebo effect. Instead, the placebo effect depends on a host of factors. It depends, for example, on the condition being treated, the way in which the placebo is administered, the colour of the placebo, its price, whether it has a recognized brand name and the dose that is prescribed. Studies of the placebo effect reveal that, all else being equal, taking placebo pills four times per day is more effective than taking them only twice a day brand-name placebos are more effective than placebos presented as generic drugs placebo injections are more effective than placebo pills and more expensive placebos are better than cheaper ones.16... 

This work was supported in part by Grant No. 511-15425 from the Danish Research Council. 

Nielsen J H, Lund-Nielsen T and Skibsted L (2004), Higher antioxidant content in organic milk than in conventional milk due to feeding strategy , Newsletter from Danish Research Centre for Organic Farming, September, No. 3. 

So there is a positive energy result, but it costs energy to mix the air through the s lurry. In some Danish research work they have tried to recover this energy for heating the farmhouse. Normally the aerobic treatment is just used for destroying the malodorous... 

Danish research communities are well represented in European research and demonstration projects in the area of fuel cells. In the period 1999-2002, 43 projects were supported by the EU s Fifth Framework program on Energy Environment and Sustainable Development (EESP). Overall, Danish partners have participated in EU-sponsored 13 fuel cell projects (For more information see the Nordic programmes). 

Danish researchers performed a trial with a formulation of rapeseed oil combined to an emulsifier, as well as soyabean oil also with different emulsifiers. The oils were either sprayed on bees or administered in sugar patties. While the oils with high concentration of emulsifier killed high levels of mites (up to 97%), the side-effect was significant bee deaths (over 50%). Oil mixtures with less emulsifier were not effective in killing mites. Oil patties similar to those used with tracheal mites did not significantly reduce Varroa levels. The researchers conclusion is that vegetable oils do not seem a realistic alternative for Varroa control [60]. 

DARCOF 2000. Principles of Organic Farming. Danish Research Centre for Organic Farming, Foulum. 

Hermansen, J.E., Lund, V. and Thuen, E. (eds) 2000. Ecological Animal Husbandry in the Nordic Countries. Danish Research Centre Organic Farming, Foulum, Tjele. 

Proceedings of the NJF-Seminar (16-17.9.99, Horsens, Denmark). Danish Research Centre... 

Lauridsen, C., Jorgensen, H., Halekoh, U., Christensen, L.P. and Brandt, K. 2005. Organic diet enhanced the health of rats. DARCOF [Danish Research Centre for Organic Farming] Enews. 1. . Accessed 16/1/06. 

Christine Watson, Scottish Agricultural College, UK, HugoAlroe, Danish Research Centre for Organic Farming, Denmark, and Erik Steen Kristensen, Danish Research Centre for Organic Farming, Denmark... 

The support of this study by NSF under grant by 0618124 and the NOAA/DOC under grant NA050AR4310103 is gratefully acknowledged. KVM thanks The Danish Research Councils and The Danish Center for Scientific Computing for the support. 

The financial support by The Danish Technical Research Council and The Danish Research Academy is gratefully acknowledged. 

This work was supported financially by the Danish Research Council for Technology and Production Sciences, the Lundbeck Foundation, and the Villum Kann Rasmussen Foundation. 

Nielsen (1951), working from the Danish research vessel Galathea on its voyage in the eastern part of the Atlantic Ocean from Lisbon to Capetown, estimated annual rates of production of 18 g. per square meter in the vicinity of the Canary Islands, 90 to 180 g. per square meter in parts of the tropical Atlantic, and around 1500 g. per square meter in the Benguela current. 

The authors acknowledge support from the EU training and research network NANOQUANT ( Understanding Nanomaterials from a Quantum Perspective , contract No. MRTN-CT-2003-506842), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie, the Danish Research Agency, and the Danish Center for Scientific Computing. Many thanks are also due to the long list of collaborators who contributed over many years to the work reviewed here. 

DARCOF (Danish Research Centre for Organic Farming) (2001). Tlie Danish Research Centre for Organic Farming . Available from the Internet 7 December 2001. 

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