Cytocompatibility

Guan JJ, Sacks MS, Beckman EJ, and Wagner WR. Biodegradable polyfether ester urethane urea) triblock copol3uners and purtrescine S)mthesis, characterisahon and cytocompatibility. Biomaterials, 2004, 25, 85-96. 

Kretsinger JK, Haines LA, Ozbas B et al (2005) Cytocompatibility of self-assembled ss-hairpin peptide hydrogel surfaces. Biomaterials 26 5177-5186... 

Kang HS, Park SH, Lee YG et al (2007) Polyelectrolyte complex hydrogel composed of chitosan and poly(y-glutamic acid) for biological application Preparation, physical properties, and cytocompatibility. J Appl Polym Sci 103 386-394... 

Cytocompatible Hydrogel Composed of Phospholipid Polymers for Regulation of Cell Functions... 

Keywords Cell encapsulation Cell engineering Cytocompatibility Hydrogel Phospholipid polymers... 

Cytocompatible Polymer Hydrogels Composed of Water-Soluble Phospholipid Polymers... 

Similarly to the phospholipid polymers, the MPC polymers show excellent biocompatibility and blood compatibility [43—48]. These properties are based on the bioinert character of the MPC polymers, i.e., inhibition of specific interaction with biomolecules [49, 50]. Recently, the MPC polymers have been applied to various medical and pharmaceutical applications [44-47, 51-55]. The crosslinked MPC polymers provide good hydrogels and they have been used in the manufacture of soft contact lenses. We have applied the MPC polymer hydrogel as a cell-encapsulation matrix due to its excellent cytocompatibility. At the same time, to prepare a spontaneously forming reversible hydrogel, we focused on the reversible covalent bonding formed between phenylboronic acid and polyol in an aqueous system. 

Molecular design (cytocompatibility, reversible molecular interaction)... 

Fig. 2 Concept of 3D cell engineering based on a spontaneously forming and reversible PMBV/ PVA hydrogel with high cytocompatibility as soft biodevice...

Watanabe J, Nederberg F, Atthoff B et al (2007) Cytocompatible biointerface on poly(lactic acid) by enrichment with phosphorylcholine groups for cell engineering. Mater Sci Eng 27 227-231... 

Watanabe J, Ishihara K (2005) Cell engineering biointerface focusing on cytocompatibility using phospholipid polymer with an isomeric oligo(lactic acid) segment. Biomacromolecules 6 1797-1802... 

In consideration of the clinical importance of being able to visualize any implant material within the body, radio-opaque hydrogels for NPR have been formulated [69]. Copolymers of iodobenzoyl-oxo-ethyl methacrylate (4IEMA) and hydrophilic PVP or hydroxylethyl methacrylate (HEMA) exhibit appropriate swelling characteristics, viscoelastic mechanical properties, and excellent cytocompatibility [69]. Moreover, inclusion of the covalently attached iodine molecules allowed for hydrogel visualization via X-ray in a porcine cadaveric spine model [69],... 

Unnecessary animal testing can be avoided by relying on in vitro studies as the first stage acute toxicity and cytocompatibility test for injectable materials (Pearce et al., 2007). Many researchers have utilized in vitro studies to screen the cellular response to CNTs (Raja et al., 2007) and to investigate the various CNT-mammalian cell interactions such as oxidative stress (Manna et al., 2005 Shvedova et al., 2003, 2007), antiproliferative effects (Cui et al., 2005 Garibaldi et al., 2006), decreased cell adhesion (Cui et al., 2005), apoptosis (Bottini et al., 2006 Cui et al., 2005 Jia et al., 2005), and necrosis (Jia et al., 2005). A summary of these in vitro studies are presented in Table 12.1. 

Keywords Carbon nanotubes Cytotoxicity Cytocompatibility Medical applications of CNT... 

Oh K-T, Kang D-K, Choi G-S, Kim K-N. Cytocompatibility and electrochemical properties of Ti-Au alloys for biomedical applications. Journal of Biomedical... 

A recent study has shown that membranes made of a modified polyetheretherketone (PEEK-WC) are interesting materials for biomedical applications [23,24]. The cytocompatibility of PEEK-WC membranes was evaluated by culturing hepatocytes isolated from rat liver (Figure 43.6). The properties of PEEK-WC membranes were compared to polyurethane membranes prepared using the same technique, and commercial membranes (made of Nylon, polyethersulphone, and polyester). The results have shown that PEEK-WC membranes promoted hepatocyte adhesion most effectively and metabolic activities of cells cultured on these membranes improved significantly. 

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