Cycling Infrastructure Design

DfT Cycling Infrastructure Design (Consultation Draft), 2007 This document (in draft at the time of writing) provides useful guidance on designing for cyclists. 

This standard defines the interdisciplinary tasks that are required throughout a system s life cycle to transform customer needs, requirements, and constraints into a system solution. This document is intended to guide the development of systems (which include humans, computers, and software) for commercial, government, military, and space applications. The information applies to an enterprise within an enterprise that is responsible for developing a product design and establishing the life cycle infrastructure needed to provide for life cycle sustainment. 

A disciplined and well-docnmented approach should be used when managing IT infrastructure. Documented evidence is needed dnring the life-cycle stages of planning, specification, selection, design and testing, installation, qnalification, and operation. 

Some AGM participants pointed out that small reactor concepts which are currently developed are based on downsizing today s large reactor technology. They consider that die infrastructure necessary to support conventional nuclear power development is very expensive, and beyond the resources of most developing countries. A new innovative approach to system design is to be used to reduce the need for such an infrastructure. The efforts should be focused on the development of the reactor systems with joint consideration of the overall fuel cycle, waste issues proliferation, simplified operation, simplified and minimised system maintenance. Several organizations presented their preliminary studies on innovative small reactor concepts. 

As a result of these events, qnestions about how to manage the life cycle (i.e., the design, construction, operation, maintenance, and retirement) of civil infrastructure systems and their digital infrastructure adjuncts have become urgent. 

Technology infrastructure warrants independent planning cycles. It refers to infrastructure that is designed to support the introduction of new technologies in the present and the future. Infrastructure includes computer facilities, telecommunications, information technology networks, and centralized server and database support. Examples of technology infiastmcture and listed in Table 37.3. 

It is no secret that product designers heavily influence life-cycle costs for their products. The ability to control cost declines sharply once the design has taken shape. However, management processes in many companies ignore this simple fact of life. In the msh to market, they fall short in considering product cost and material availability in advance of introduction. This is especially important in new technology products or products requiring infrastructure investment in the form of new plants and production equipment. 

The 2002 National Electronics Manufacturing Initiative (NEMI) roadmap cited design infrastructure — education, tools, and standard practices — as a major gap that hinders broad adoption of LTCC in volume applications. Mthout this necessary design infrastructure, the design cycle relies on multiple design-build-test iterations, a highly inefficient process. 

A core with the WER type fuel design with a decreased linear heat rate, compatible with the infrastructure of the existing VVER nuclear fuel cycle ... 

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