Cucumber family

Fig. 2 (a) A tropical member of the cucumber family, Luffa cylindrical, (b) Piece of L. cylindrica (on left) and PuF (on right)... 

So far cyclotides have been discovered in plants from the Violaceae (violet), Rubiaceae (coffee), and Cucurbitaceae (cucumber) families " and have been divided mainly into two structural subfamilies called the Mobius and bracelet cyclotides. These two cyclotide subfamilies are distinguished by the presence of a ar-proline residue in loop 5 for the Mobius subfamily. ° ° On the basis of their trypsin inhibitory activity, the two cyclotides MCoTi-I and MCoTi-II from the seeds of the tropical vine Momordica cochmchinensu form a third subfamily, referred to as the trypsin inhibitor subfamily of cyclotides. No other cyclotides have this activity. 

Potato family cucumber family Dig in any green manure. Apply manure or rich compost in spring, then grow potatoes, tomatoes, and zucchini. Follow early potatoes with leeks the rest with fall onion sets, garlic, and/or a green manure such as phacelia... 

Members of the cucumber family, widely known as cucurbits, are typically vigorous plants with big, bold leaves and yellow, trumpet-shaped flowers. They reguire a lot of space. Trailing cultivars can be trained to scramble over arches or up netting. Bush cultivars are more compact. 

In addition to the outdoor and greenhouse cucurbits, the cucumber family, or Cucurbitaceae, also includes the luffa vine, whose desiccated fruits are more familiar as the bathroom loofah. 

A number of plants of the cucumber family yield these drastic drugs. They are of complex composition, each containing several active principles, resinous and alkaloidal. They produce continuous watery stools, with intense irritation and hyperemia (Sollmann, 1944). 

Hulster A, Muller J, Marschner H. 1994. Soil-Plant trasfer of Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-diozins to vegetables of the cucumber family (Curcurbitaceae) Envir Sci Technol 28(6) 1110-1115. 

Hiilster, A., J.F. Muller, and H. Marschner. 1994. Soil-plant transfer of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans to vegetables of the cucumber family (Cu-curbitaceae). Environ. Sci. Technol.28 1110-1115. 

The pumpkin, squash, muskmelon, and cucumber are relatives of the watermelon and all are members of the cucumber family, Cucurbitaceae. 

Control of corn rootworm was obtained in a unique way by the spraying of tiny plastic tubes dropped by plane or helicopter. The tubes were coated by a three-part mixture consisting of a synthetic sex pheromone to lure the male beetles, compounds from the squash and cucumber family to encourage feeding, and a minute amount of an appropriate insecticide. 

Extracts from 152 plant species, representing 46 different families, were screened for effects on tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) replication in cucumber cotyledons. Twenty species have shown enough activity to warrant further study. Several members of the Caprifoliaceae family increased virus replication. An extract of Lonicera involucrata enlarged the virus lesions in local lesion hosts and produced a thirty fold increase in virus titer, but had no effect on virus replication in systemic hosts. The active material appears to affect the virus defense mechanism of local lesion hosts. An extract of common geranium is an active virus inhibitor. It inactivates TMV and TMV-RNA (ribonucleic acid) in vitro by forming non-infectious complexes. In vivo, it also inhibited starch lesion formation in cucumber cotyledons incited by TMV infection. 

Goad (40) and others have extensively reviewed coelenterate and echinoderm sterols including the saponins found in starfish and sea cucumbers. Cholesterol is a common sterol in most families, except for gorgonians and zoanthids some soft corals contain polyhydroxylated sterols. The amount of variation associated with phylogeny is illustrate in the echinoderms by the fact that crinoids, ophuiroids, and echinoids contain A 5 sterols while holothuriodeans and asteroids contain A 7 sterols. Some classes contain uniquely structured sterols. 

Trypsin inhibitors in cucumber were first found in a study by Walker-Simmons et /. " after wounding of leaves and treatment with proteinase inhibitor-inducing factor (PIIF). The amino acid sequence of two inhibitors isolated from Cucurhita maxima (winter squash) were determined by Wilusz et at The peptides named ITD I and ITD 111 each comprised a 29-residue sequence with six cysteine residues. The only difference between the two peptides is in position 9, which is lysine in ITD I and glutamic acid in ITD III. The reactive site is located at the peptide bond between Arg5 and Ile6. Owing to their discovery and distribution in Cucurbitaceae the inhibitor family has been named squash inhibitors. Since the initial discoveries many other members of the squash family have been found. 

Cucumber mosaic virus pictured on p.89) can, despite its name, affect all members of this family, and many other plant families, too. There Is no cure, but some cultivars show some resistance. Protect young plants from slugs. Powdery mildew may be a sign of dry soil late In the year It will not affect the crop. Under cover, biological controls can be used to control pests like red spider mite. Crop rotation, good... 

Symptoms Southern corn rootworms feed on corn roots, often killing young plants and weakening older ones. Striped cucumber beetle larvae feed on the roots of squash-family plants only, killing or stunting the plants. Adults of both species feed on leaves, stems, flowers, and fruit of squashes and other crops. 

This is primarily a tropical and semitropical family with some members in the northern and southern hemispheres. It is perhaps best known as a source of foods pumpkins, squash, cucumbers, melons, etc. 

The cucurbitacins (II), found in plants of the Cucurbitaceae family (gourds, cucumbers, etc.) and also in Begoniaceae, Euphorbaceae, and others, have been used... 

Cucurbitacin is a bitter-tasting principle that can be isolated from members of the family Cucurbitaceae, such as cucumber Cucumis sativus) and melon (Cucumis melo L.). In particular, cucurbitacin149 and momordicine,150 which have an intensely bitter taste, are contained abundantly in Momordica charantia (bitter melon in English, go-yaa in Okinawa, Japan), which people enjoy due to its bitterness. There are more than 18 kinds of cucurbitacin, and among them cucurbitacin B is a typical component. It has been reported that cucurbitacin exhibits anticancer activity.1 1 In addition, it is used for the treatment of hepatic disease in traditional Chinese medicine. It is also found in some herbal teas. 

Solvent is usually excluded from the blue copper site, which is buried 6 A inside the protein, having only the His ligand from the copperbinding loop exposed to the surface. The phytocyanins, stellacyanin and plantacyanin (cucumber basic protein), are exceptions, in which both His ligands are solvent exposed and the copper ion is only 3 A beneath the protein surface. This situation makes the copper center in this family of blue copper proteins more accessible to low-molecular-weight solutes (see Section V). 

Crystal structure, phase information and, 40 CTF. See Contrast transfer frmction (CTF) Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), 437 39 Cumulative envelop function (s), 96 Cystoviridae family, 230... 

Pumpkin, Curcubita sp., is a member of the gourd family, Curcubitaceae, that also includes melons, cucumbers, squash, and gac. In 2003, the United States production of pumpkins was approximately 335,000 MT (http //usda.mannlib.comell.edu/ reports/nassr/fruit/pvg-bban/vgan0104.txt). In some mid-eastem African countries, dried pumpkin seeds have been used to treat tapeworm when eaten on an empty stomach (53). Also, for many years in Europe, pumpkin seeds have been used as a remedy for micturition. Pumpkin seed oil has also shown possible beneficial affects in retarding the progression of hypertension (54), potential anti-inflammatory activity in arthritis (55), and may be effective in reducing the risk of bladder-stone disease (56). 

The genus Passiflora, the best known group in the family Passifloraceae, also includes genera such as Ade-nia and Basananthe, both principally known from Africa. The plant families related most closely to the Passifloraceae are the Tumeraceae, (watermelons, cucumbers), and Begoniaceae (begonias). 

The genera in the family of Cucurbitaceae (Table 1) include cucumbers, gourds, and melons. 

Rotate crops so that no member of the cucurbit family isquash, melon, and cucumber) is grown in the same place more often than every 4 ears. 

Some pests attack even a broader spectrum of plants. Plant families are larger groupings of plants that contain several genera. Cucumbers and melons belong to the family Cucurbitaceae. This family also includes summer squash and winter squash, which belong to the genus Cucurbita. It s important to know and understand these relationships, because one of the basic principles in planning a crop rotation is to plant crops from different families in sequence in a particular location to prevent the buildup of pest populations in the soil. 

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