Course and Prognosis

Consider long-term treatment goals with respect to clinical course and prognosis of CF. 

Recognize differences between ulcers induced by Helicobacter pylori (HP) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in terms of risk factors, pathogenesis, signs and symptoms, clinical course, and prognosis. 

Stephens JH. Long-term course and prognosis of schizophrenia. Semin Psychiatry 1970 2 464-485. 

Although biological and genetic factors are undoubtedly important, they may not explain all the variance in the course and prognosis of a bipolar disorder. 

Croft PB, Wilkinson M. The course and prognosis in some types of carcinomatous neuromyopathy. Brain 1969 92(1) 1-8. 

The therapist doesn t know much about hypoxic brain injury. How can collaboration help him address his concerns about his unfamiliarity with the diagnosis Dr. E has never treated someone with hypoxic brain injury. While he feels confident in his abilities to help set boundaries, establish a safety net for Hector, and encourage frequent communication between the clinic and the family, he is unsure about the course and prognosis of Sara s illness. He meets with the psychiatrist to learn some basic information. The psychiatrist is pleased to tell him what he knows and even has a few articles on brain injury for Dr. E to read. Together, they decide to do a quick literature review and share their findings with each other. 

The clinical course can be unfavourably affected by various risk factors (e.g. race, gender, advanced age, immune status, genetics) as well as by alcohol abuse (275, 337, 363), toxins, coinfections and chemicals. Conversely, the course and prognosis of HBV, HDV and HIV infections as well as of metabolic diseases (e.g. porphyria cutanea tarda, ai-antitrypsin deficiency) can deteriorate as a result of hepatitis C. 

Liver damage caused by toxic substances sometimes only appears and is hence first recognizable after a latent period of several years. This applies particularly to radioactive substances (e.g. thorotrast, which has a latent period of up to 40 years). Exogenous factors (alcohol, medicaments and chemicals) can substantially impair the course and prognosis of intoxication. This may be due to (1.) acute multiple intoxication by simultaneous exposure to various toxic substances or (2.) the fact that the noxa is administered during the deficiency period of a biotransformative induction, since toxic substances cause greater hepatic lesions in this phase. 

The following three factors are of decisive importance for course and prognosis ... 

Carbone L, D Agati V, Cheng J-T, Appel GB. Course and prognosis of human immunodeficiency virus-associated nephropathy. Am J Med 1989 87 389-395. 

As with most illnesses, the course and prognosis of the disorders of substance use and dependence are variable. Untreated physical... 

Soriano E, Faure C, Lantuejoul S, et al. Course and prognosis of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck a case-control study of 62 patients. Eur J Cancer. 2008 44(2) 244-250. 

Course and Prognosis As mentioned earlier, the course of GD is determined mainly by the age of the patients when the disease becomes manifest. The infantile or malignant (de Lange 1939) form progresses rapidly, is usually fatal within a few months and the first year is never survived. The decisive prognostic factor is the extent to which the central nervous system is involved. 

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