Cost centers, financial

Finally, treatment centers determine whether the client s financial situation will allow him or her to enter into the program offered by the treatment center without hardship. Insurance benefits are checked, after consent has been obtained, in order to determine whether the treatment costs will excessively burden the client. Information about insurance benefits is generally shared with the potential client so that he or she can make an informed decision about whether to engage in therapy, given financial considerations. 

The chips sell for about 25 to 35 cents per lb for PET (with less than 100 ppm of aluminum), and 17 to 25 cents per lb for HDPE. In comparison, virgin PET costs about 50 to 60 cents per lb, and HDPE resins about 40 cents per lb. The center combines these and other factors in evaluating the financial aspects of operating a plant. "In our engineering... 

Judged in terms of the relationship of benefit to cost, vaccines are among the most socially valuable public health investments (U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] 1999 Stratton, Durch, and Lawrence 2000)d In spite of some recent successes, such as increases in immunization rates in the United States (CDC 2002a, b, 2003), substantial structural and financial problems remain. In particular, the United States has recently experienced unprecedented shortages in 8 of the 11 routine childhood vaccines (Georges et al. 2003). Flu vaccine shortages were experienced in 2000-2002 and 2004 (Cohen 2002 Enserink 2004 Institute of Medicine 2004). 

Substance abusers become preoccupied with when and where they will be able to get their next dose. As drug use takes center stage in an abuse s life, relationships with family and friends frequently deteriorate. Although nitrous oxide and other inhalants are known for their relatively low cost, an NzO abuser may suffer financial hardships as a result of unemployment, automobile accidents, or poor performance at school. 

Ideally, the most critical financial and operational key performance indicators (KPIs) centering around service level, quality, and cost should be monitored for each function, but it is important for all SCM-influenced costs to be reported to avoid distortion for example, more frequent procurement orders would reduce the cost of raw materials inventory at the expense of inbound logistics costs, and omission of the latter would give a misleading picture. 

Acknowledgements We thank Dr. J. G. Nery, R. Eliash and I. Rubinstein who participated in some of the experiments reported and the Israel Science Foundation, G. M. J. Schmidt Minerva Center for financial support. This work was supported by the European COST-D27 program Prebiotic Chemistry and Early Evolution . 

The author wishes to thank his colleagues and students for their contributions to the quoted work. He is indebted to Prof. Gary Drobny for providing atomic coordinates for the model structure shown in Fig. 5 and to Dr. Paolo Carloni for helpful comments on the manuscript. Computer time from the IDRIS center of the Centre National de la Recherche Scien-tifique as well as financial support from the Association pour la Recherche contre le Cancer (Project N° 9799) and the COST program (No. D8-0004/97) are gratefully acknowledged. 

Safety and risk considerations are often at the center of mistake proofing. Imagine the risk associated with unveiling new investment software, or with implementing a new surgical procedure. Both the financial and health care industries have a host of mistake-proofing measures in place to avoid costly errors and litigation. 

Some hospital units in Europe have recently become more commercially minded and have set themselves up as profit centers within their own hospitals. As financial pressures increase, with the increased cost of medical technology and the unfavorable demographics of an aging population, we would expect more hospitals to go along this route. 

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