Copper dodecyl sulfate

Reverse microemulsion-mediated synthesis of copper nanoparticles has been one of the well-researched areas in this field. Pileni and her team have reported several investigations in this domain [218, 219, 411, 412]. A hallmark of those investigations is the extensive use of functionalized surfactants, namely, Cu(AOT)2 singly or in combination with NaAOT or copper dodecyl sulfate, Cu(DS)2, with/ without NaDS. These surfactants acted as the source of copper, i.e. no copper salt in aqueous solution was used. 

Dodecyl heptaoxyethylene ether Copper didodecyl sulfate... 

Hiraide et al. [737] developed a multielement preconcentration technique for chromium (III), manganese (II), cobalt, nickel, copper (II), cadmium, and lead in artificial seawater using coprecipitation and flotation with indium hydroxide followed by ICP-AES. The metals are simultaneously coprecipitated with indium hydroxide adjusted to pH 9.5, with sodium hydroxide, ethano-lic solutions of sodium oleate and dodecyl sulfate added, and then floated to... 

The catalytic asymmetric aldol reaction has been applied to the LASC system, which uses copper bis(-dodecyl sulfate) (4b) instead of CufOTf. 1261 An example is shown in Eq. 6. In this case, a Bronsted add, such as lauric add, is necessary to obtain a good yield and enantioseledivity. This example is the first one involving Lewis acid-catalyzed asymmetric aldol reactions in water without using organic solvents. Although the yield and the selectivity are still not yet optimized, it should be noted that this appredable enantioselectivity has been attained at ambient temperature in water. 

Diels-Alder reactions are one of the most famous examples which are accderated by a Lewis acid. Various water-stable Lewis adds such as Ln(OTf)3,1371 methylrhenium trioxide,1381 copper nitrate,1391 copper bis(dodecyl sulfate) (4b),1401 indium chloride,1411 and bismuth triflate1421 have been used for Diels-Alder and aza-Diels-Alder reactions in water. Furthermore, a catalytic asymmetric Dids-Alder reaction in water using a copper complex of an amino... 

U Tessmer, R Dernick. Preparative separation of poliovirus structural polypeptides by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, copper staining and electroelution, and induction of monospecific antisera. Electrophoresis 10 277-279, 1989. 

The results mentioned above prompted us to synthesize a more simplified catalyst, scandium tris(dodecyl sulfate) (Sc(DS)3) [23,24]. This new type of catalyst, Lewis acid-surfactant-combined catalyst (LASC) , was expected to act both as a Lewis acid to activate the substrate molecules and as a surfactant to form emulsions in water. Eng-berts and co-workers also reported a surfactant-type Lewis acid, copper bis(dodecyl sulfate) (Cu(DS)2) [25]. Although they studied detailed mechanistic aspects of Diels-Alder... 

Table III). Extraneous protein and variable amounts of lipid can result in differences in determined molecular weight values. However, a molecular weight of about 200,000 is widely accepted for functioning oxidase with 20% lipid. Nevertheless, treatment with alkali 69) or with sodium dodecyl sulfate 71) has been reported to result in a molecular weight of about 100,000 for a monomer 72) which exhibited activity. Such a catalytically active monomer has been difficult to reconcile with different roles for each of two coppers and of two hemes. For this reason, the dimer is still broadly considered the normal form of the native oxidase. 

Hong Y, Patri UB, Ramakrishnan S, Roy D, Babu SV. Utility of dodecyl sulfate surfactants as dissolution inhibitors in chemical-mechanical planarization of copper. J Mater Res Soc 2005 20(12) 3413. 

Other characterization methods, such as transmission electron microscopy, are necessary for a more complete evaluation of nanocomposite formation. In a similar case, copper hydroxy dodecyl sulfate, with a bilayer packing of anions was found to result in some nanocomposite formation when used in PVE (5). 

An HDS additive, zinc/copper hydroxy stearate, was melt-blended with low density poly(ethylene). X-ray diffraction analysis of the composite materials was similar to that found with copper hydroxy dodecyl sulfate combined with poly(vinyl ester), where nanocomposite formation was observed, but additional work is necessary for full characterization of the dispersion. The (nano) composites were found to have better thermal stability via TGA and improvement in PHRR in cone calorimetry. However, smoke production was observed to increase. The 5% loading had better overall performance than 10% in terms of thermal stability and most fire properties. 

One important aspect that should be considered in future industrial processes to produce polyphenylene ethers is the use of greener solvents. In that context, some studies have been carried out to try to generate PPO in water [46]. Thus, Nishide and coworkers have developed a procedure where an aqueous solution of copper(II) complex (10mol%), that is, CUCI2/DTPA (DTPA = diethylenetriamine-A/ ,A/ ,A/ , A/ ",A/ "-pentaacetic acid), is mixed with an aqueous solution of DMP/NaOH 1/1, containing sodium w-dodecyl sulfate. 

Single phase cuprous oxide (14 nm) was prepared by °Co gamma irradiation of deoxygenated aqueous solutions containing copper sulfate, propan-2-ol, surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate, and acetate buffer at pH 4-4.5 (Zhu et al. 1994). In the absence of buffer (pH 3-3.5), mixture of copper and cuprous oxide was observed. Most probably, three competitive reactions occur radiation reduction (Equations (4.6) and (4.8)), dismntation of cuprous ions (Equation 4.9), and the formation of cuprous hydroxide, which decomposes to cuprous oxide (Equation 4.10). In buffered solutions, the reduction and dismntation of cnprons ions are completely suppressed. Since cuprous hydroxide is very unstable, it decomposes rapidly to cnprous oxide immediately after its formation. On the other hand, the precipitate of cupric hydroxide Cu(OH)2 forms in the solution of pH >5. 

Haram et al. [385] described a detailed system for the synthesis of CuS nanoparticles using a copper-ammonia complex (pH=l 1) and thiourea in separate microemulsions formed by a non-ionic surfactant (e.g. Triton X-100) with 2-methylpropan-l-ol as co-surfactant and cyclohexane as the oil phase. Other nonionic surfactants used were NP-4, NP-7 and NP-9.5 (nonylphenyl ether surfactant series) the only ionic surfactant used was sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The reactions envisaged were... 

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