Cooperative Fuel Research

Measurement of octane numbers is carried out using a reference motor called CFR (Cooperative Fuel Research), referring to a series of studies conducted in 1928 in the United States in order to standardize the methods for characterizing motor fuels. 

Coordinating Research Council, New York, Cooperative Fuel Research Motor Fuels... 

Micro Research octane numbers were obtained using the standard CFR (Cooperative Fuel Research) knock rating unit. 

The automotive and energy companies, two very important industry sectors, have shown sustained interest in hydrogen and fuel cell technologies. Without such a commitment from the private sector, no program aimed at commercialization can be successful. This need for industry participation is why the DOE has worked closely with these industries to cooperate on research, development, and demonstration of key technologies. 

Curiosity fuels research. It prompts the questions that turn into scientific inquiry. Honesty is paramount to the scientific way. To put the research out there, and be true in your report of the findings, is to help mankind and cooperate in scientific endeavors. While antonyms, openness and skepticism are both necessary in the field of research. One should be humble. One should be open to others ideas, and open to their own unexpected findings, but be critical in evaluation of the work as it was conducted. It is key to incorporate all of these traits and to conduct yourself in a respectable manner. 

Fuel Reprocessing Chemistry. (From Choppin, G., M.K. Khankhasayev, and H.S. Plendl, eds. 2002. Chemical separations in nuclear waste management, the state of the art and a look to the future. DOE/EM-0591. Institute for the International Cooperative Environmental Research, Florida State University, 96. Columbus, OH Battelle Press.)... 

There has been increased interest in firing wood waste as a supplement to coal in either pulverized coal (PC) or cyclone boilers at 1—5% of heat input. This appHcation has been demonstrated by such electric utilities as Santee-Cooper, Tennessee Valley Authority, Georgia Power, Dehnarva, and Northern States Power. Cofiring wood waste with coal in higher percentages, eg, 10—15% of heat input, in PC and cyclone boilers is being carefully considered by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA). This practice may have the potential to maximize the thermal efficiency of waste fuel combustion. If this practice becomes widespread, it will offer another avenue for use of fuels from waste. 

While the goal of bringing plutonium production and consumption into balance is a long term one, research and development on proliferation-resistant fuel cycles should be taking place at present. International cooperation ofthe appropriate countries in this R D is also essential. Failure to pursue a suitable R D effort and international cooperation is virtually certain to result in the adoption ofthe most proliferation-prone fuel cycle when the plutonium breeder is deployed in the next century. 

Portugal - the EDEN project s an 8 million demonstration project directed at establishing the basis of a National Plan investigating the viability the production of energy using fuel cells. EDEN is operated cooperatively between the research laboratories and universities INETI, INECI and 1ST and industrial companies CPPE, EFACEC and AUTOSIL. 

In 1999, the Ministry of Research, in association with the Ministry of Industry, created the Fuel Cell Technological Research Network (PACo network) to contribute to French energy policy for the development of new energy sources. The purposes of the network were to foster creativity and innovation needed for the commercial development of fuel cells and to encourage public-private partnerships and facilitate interdisciplinary cooperation. In July 2000, the government launched CNRT (Centre National de Recherche Tech nolog ique) in Belfort-Montbeliard, involving the construction of a fuel cell test platform dedicated to transport applications. The fiiel cell test capacities have demonstrated power up to 200 kW. 

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