Control physical health

Specifications, Standards, Quality Control, and Health and Safety Factors. Formerly, there was an Insulation Board Institute representing the insulation board industry, but the decline in the market and number of producers has led to its demise. Currently (ca 1997), the industry is represented by the American Hardboard Association (AHA). Specifications and standards are found in American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard for CellulosicFiberboard (7). The standard includes descriptions of the various types and classes of ftberboard, as well as requirements for physical and dimensional stabiUty properties. QuaUty control tests are limited to a few basic strength and stabiUty tests, including bending strength, bond strength, and moisture resistance. 

Human illness, as a result of microbial infection, is an ever-increasing public health crisis. Children often represent the most at-risk population. Worldwide every year billions of cases of microbial infection occur and millions of deaths can be directly attributed to microbial pathogens.1 The Centers for Disease Control estimates that microbial infections are the fourth leading cause of death in the United States, with approximately 75,000 deaths attributable to microbial pathogens annually.2 Not only are there serious physical health effects associated with microbial infections, but the cost of health care associated with microbial infections is shocking. For example, in the United States alone, upper respiratory tract infections in children under the age of 15 account for more than 50 million visits to a doctor s office each year.3... 

Attempts have been made to calculate the societal cost of MDD in terms of health care utilization, absenteeism from work, decreased productivity, job-related injuries, and adverse effects on quality control because of impaired concentration and attention. In a prospective study of 3,000 patients, depression was related to poorer physical health and increased health care utilization ( 52). In the same study, employed individuals had a five times greater risk of using disability days. In another study, disability because of major depression was similar to or worse than chronic medical illnesses such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and arthritis ( 53). 

See reports of the Centers for Disease Control Vietnam Experience Study Postservice Mortality Among Vietnam Veterans, JAMA 257 (1987) 790-95 Health Status of Vietnam Veterans. II. Physical Health, ibid. 259... 

Health Physics Laboratory. The health physics laboratory is located at the entrance to the radiation sources controlled area (Figure 2). From this laboratory the access to the radiation sources area is monitored and controlled. The health physics laboratory is equipped with portable beta, gamma, and neutron survey meters of various designs and ranges to facilitate the area monitoring, air monitors for airborne contamination, and anticontamination equipment. It is equipped with monitors and alarms for the area radiation detectors, pool water level indicators, and access doors. It also has ready access to the counting equipment of the radiochemistry laboratory. 

If physical health is hard to define and subject to the pressures of modern society, mental health presents a more complex situation. Any variation from normal behaviour is tolerated less and there is an expectation that it should be controlled or cured but longer life expectancy and changes in social organization challenge the mental health and well-being of many individuals. 

Lippmann M, Gohen BS, and Schlesinger RB (2003) Environmental Health Science Recognition, Evaluation, and Control of Chemical and Physical Health Hazards. New York Oxford University Press. 

In an archival study conducted on 298 clients who were treated by a mental health center, three issues predominated among older clients family conflicts, poor physical health, and feeling as if they were not in control of their lives (Mosher-Ashley, 1994). 

Another example, dopamine, is a neurotransmitter, a chemical messenger released by one nerve cell (neuron), which then binds to a receptor in a neighboring target cell (Figure 25.6). Dopamine affects brain processes that control movement and emotions, so proper dopamine levels are necessary to maintain an individual s mental and physical health. For example, when dopamine-producing neurons die, the level of dopamine drops, resulting in the loss of motor control symptomatic of Parkinson s disease. 

It is most important that TLV data be correctly used. Misuse can occur when uninformed individuals view these levels as magic numbers, below which workers are safe and above which they become ill. It should be remembered that there is wide variation in individual susceptibility to air contaminants and physical agents. Some workers may experience some discomfort from expo.sures at or below the TLV, and a much smaller number may be affected more. seriously by aggravation of a pre-existing condition or by development of an occupational illness. Therefore, the TLV s as published were intended to be used only as guides in the control of health hazards and not as levels which separate safe from dangerous exposures. In addition, a TLV is not intended as a relative index of hazard or toxicity, nor to be mathematically manipulated by applying foysical con.stants to derive a relative hazard. 

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Physical Health Status of World Trade Center rescue and recovery workers and volunteers— New York City, July 2002— August 2004. Morh Mortal Wkly Rep 2004 53 807-812. 

Industrial hygienists (IHs) analyze, identify, and measure workplace hazards or stressors that can cause sickness, impaired health, or significant discomfort in workers through chemical, physical, ergonomic, or biological exposures. IHs use environmental monitoring and analytical methods to detect the extent of worker exposure and employ engineering, work-practice controls, and other methods to control potential health hazards. 

The reactor requires about 18 professional, 20 ancillary and 50 industrial operating staff. (It is assumed that a professional scientist or engineer has a university degree or equivalent, and ancillary worker has a lower professional qualification, and an industrial worker is trained on the job.) These figures relate to the people required in the reactor area for operation, maintenance, health and hygiene, chemical control, physics services, and housekeeping and exclude stores, workshops and specialist personnel, and make no allowance for scientific effort associated with the experiments in the reactor. 

---