Continuous Measurements in Industry and Environmental Research

To date, automatically calibrating monitors have been offered on the market for the continuous indication of  

Sulfur Dioxide Total Acid Total Base Water Hardness 

These all exhibit detection limits below 1 ppm, and are offered by the firms  

Bran Liibbe, Hamburg (Tonometer), Electrofact, Netherlands (Na monitors for boiler feed water supervision), E.I.L., Richmond/Surrey, England (Water quality monitors. Automatic selective ion monitor), Foxboro, U.S.A., Orion, Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A. (Series 1,000 monitors), Polymetron, Hombrechtikon, Switzerland (Condimat system). Union Carbide, U.S.A. (Water monitors) and others. 

In the fields of process control, waste water monitoring, environmental protection and pollution control, the concentration is of interest rather than the activity indicated by the electrode. This means that the sample stream must be conditioned ahead of time. Through the addition of a constant ratio of the conditioning solution appropriate for the particular application, the concentration itself can be directly monitored. The con-ditioning solution has the following tasks, as discussed in Chap. 5.1.2  

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