Contamination Control Systems

Lower requirements for contamination control systems should lead to less time wasted decontaminating equipment. 

Design and construct multi-contaminant control system based on sorbent injection. This system will remove particulate, sulfur, and halogen contaminants. 

Evaluate effectiveness of multi-contaminant control system. 

AWK Analyzers, Contamination Control Systems (CCC), Gaigistrasse 3, D-800 Munich 2, Germany, (089) 188006A)7... 

An industrial fermentor of capacity up to several hundred kiloliters equipped with aeration and stirring devices, as well as other automatic control systems, is used. The cultures must be sterilized and aseptic air must be used owing to the high sensitivity to bacterial contamination of L-glutamic acid fermentation. 

ISA S71.04. 1986. Environmental Conditions for Process Measurement and Control Systems Airborne Contaminants. Instrument Society of America, Research Triangle Park, N.C. 

The EPA Hazardous Ranking System computes a numerical score for hazardous waste. If the score exceeds a predetermined value, the waste site is placed on the National Priority List (NPL) for Superfund cleanup. Discuss the pros and cons of such a ranking system. Describe a possible situation in which an air contaminant is controlled but the control system used transfers the contaminant problem to another medium, such as water or soil. 

Engineering factors include (a) contaminant characteristics such as physical and chemical properties - concentration, particulate shape, size distribution, chemical reactivity, corrosivity, abrasiveness, and toxicity (b) gas stream characteristics such as volume flow rate, dust loading, temperature, pressure, humidity, composition, viscosity, density, reactivity, combustibility, corrosivity, and toxicity and (c) design and performance characteristics of the control system such as pressure drop, reliability, dependability, compliance with utility and maintenance requirements, and temperature limitations, as well as size, weight, and fractional efficiency curves for particulates and mass transfer or contaminant destruction capability for gases or vapors. 

Passive perimeter gas control systems are designed to alter the path of contaminant flow through the use of trenches or wells, and typically include synthetic flexible membrane liners (FMLs) and/or natural clays as containment materials. The membrane is held in place by a backfilled trench, the depth of which is determined by the distance to a limiting structure, such as groundwater or bedrock. A permeable trench installation functions to direct lateral migration to the surface, where the gases can be vented (if acceptable) or collected and conveyed to a treatment system (Figure 10a and 10b). 

Goodfellow, Howard D. Advanced Design of Ventilation Systems for Contaminant Control, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1985. 

P.J. Tunturi and J. Radio. Expert system for selection of materials and coatings in ventilation sysrem.s in pulp and paper indu.stry. In A. J.insson and L. Olander, eds. Ventilation 94 Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Ventilation for Contaminant Control, pp. 149-1.52, 1994. 

The specific problems for BEOs are mostly related to the specific processes at which they are used. One problem that does not, directly, depend on the process is the use of the exhaust system. If an exhaust is not used, naturally it cannot remove contaminants. Although BEOs are less efficient than total or partial booths, their use is still justified. When the location of the BEO is not perfect, higher flow rates are usually required for contaminant control. However, it is better to use this type of hood than to have no local exhaust. 

Hydraulic fluid contamination may be described as any foreign material or substance whose presence in the fluid is capable of adversely affecting system performance or reliability. It may assume many different forms, including liquids, gases, and solid matter of various composition, sizes, and shapes. Solid matter is the type most often found in hydraulic systems and is generally referred to as particulate contamination. Contamination is always present to some degree, even in new, unused fluid, but must be kept below a level that will adversely affect system operation. Hydraulic contamination control consists of requirements, techniques, and practices necessary to minimize and control fluid contamination. 

With the added benefit of increased product purity (reduced iron contamination), near-zero operational costs speak to AP as the most underapplied corrosion control systems of the ages. 

Part of the company s quality control system should involve inspection of raw materials prior to use. Obviously contaminated products exhibiting one or more signs of microbial infection should not be used and any doubtful materials should be checked by the user, the supplier or a third party. 

Low-permeability passive perimeter gas control systems (Figure 16.7) effectively block gas flow into the areas of concern by using barriers (such as synthetic membranes or natural clays) between the contaminated site and the area to be protected. In the low-permeability system, gases are not collected and therefore cannot be conveyed to a point of controlled release or treatment. The low-permeability system can also alter the paths of convective flow. 

The terrorist attack is very difficult to be predicted and it could be performed everywhere, anytime. A wide range of weapons and methods could be used by the terrorists to achieve their goals. Explosives, guns, chemical and biological agents may be used. Water and food contamination, pollution of air controlled systems and many others could be listed, and the imagination has no limit, as shown by the 9/11 attack. 

Keywords automated control system contamination hazardous chemical substances ... 

---