Containment comparison

Much pharmaceutical advertising contains comparisons with otlwr products and, by the nature of advertising, such comparisons are usually made to show an advantage of the advertised product over its comparator. Provided that such critical references to another company s products are accurate, balanced, fair etc, and can be substantiated, they are acceptable under the code. 

Accordingly, we identify 12.4 eV as the value of Eg from our bonding model. This closely agrees with Eg = 12.2 eV, found from the dielectric constant. Table 5.6 contains comparisons of the same kind for ionic compounds. The agreement is surprisingly good, since the excited states contributing to the polarizability need not be the same as the lowest excited states in the UV spectrum. 

The samples for irradiation are normally put in glass, polythene, or aluminium containers. Comparison between these containers has been discussed by Sroor et al. (2000). 

H. Oumeraci, A. Kortenhaus and K. Werth, Hydraulic performance and armour stability of rubble mound breakwaters with core made of geotextile sand containers — Comparison with conventional breakwaters, Proc. Int. Conf. Coastal Structures, Venice, ASCE (2007). 

Table 1 contains comparison of O 250 H (blend) with low density polyethylene (1810 H) most commonly used to reduce concentration of poly-iso-butylene. 

Tables 1 a and b contain comparison of general properties of these resins.

Table 1 contains comparison of FR (flame retardant), HT (high temperature) and WS (PS/PE) blends. 

TYPICAL BLEND PROPERTIES Table 1 contains comparison of both grades. 

TYPICAL BLEND PROPERTIES Tables 1 a b contain comparison of four grades. 

Table 1 contains comparison of general purpose grade (A3), impact modified grade (B35Z), and impact-modified, 40% glass fiber reinforced grade (A3ZG8). 

Table 1 contains comparison of general pmpose grade (KR 4350), impact modified grades glass fiber filled (KR 4357 G6) and mineral fiUed (KR 4365 M6). 

Along with the study of the single-electron states structure, some papers deal with the electron density distribution in refractory carbides. Thus, the calculations of Neckel et al (1975) show, as experiments do, the definite transfer of the electron density from the metal atoms to the metalloid atoms. The electron density distribution was studied in more detail in the subsequent papers of Neckel et al (1976), Blaha and Schwarz (1983), Mokhracheva, Geld and Tskai (1983), Blaha et al (1985a, 1985b, 1987), Schwarz and Blaha (1984) and Kim and Williams (1988). These papers contain comparisons of calculated results for carbides and nitrides and are therefore discussed in Chapter 3. 

Diatomaceous earth also influences optical properties of films such as haze and optical clarity. The abrasive nature of diatomaceous earth is another reason for its diminishing use. Abrasion of machine parts requires replacement, and it is a substantial part of expenditures. Finally, crystalline forms of silica, also present in diatomaceous earth, are considered to be dangerous for human health, which further decreases interest in its application. Section 12.11.3 contains comparison of the most important antiblocking agents from the point of view of optical properties, antiblocking effect, and health and safety. 

As discussed in Chapter 3, at moderate pressures, vapor-phase nonideality is usually small in comparison to liquid-phase nonideality. However, when associating carboxylic acids are present, vapor-phase nonideality may dominate. These acids dimerize appreciably in the vapor phase even at low pressures fugacity coefficients are well removed from unity. To illustrate. Figures 8 and 9 show observed and calculated vapor-liquid equilibria for two systems containing an associating component. 

Marsh s test for arsenic The arsenic-containing specimen is converted to volatile AsHs which is decomposed to a brown stain on heating. Estimation is by comparison of stains. Sb reacts similarly but the Sb stain is not soluble in NaOCl. 

This is an analysis frequently conducted on oil lubricants. Generally, the additive is known and its concentration can be followed by direct comparison of the oil with additive and the base stock. For example, concentrations of a few ppm of dithiophosphates or phenols are obtained with an interferometer. However, additive oils today contain a large number of products their identification or their analysis by IR spectrometry most often requires preliminary separation, either by dialysis or by liquid phase chromatography. 

It is well known that the electron-impact ionization mass spectrum contains both the parent and fragment ions. The observed fragmentation pattern can be usefiil in identifying the parent molecule. This ion fragmentation also occurs with mass spectrometric detection of reaction products and can cause problems with identification of the products. This problem can be exacerbated in the mass spectrometric detection of reaction products because diese internally excited molecules can have very different fragmentation patterns than themial molecules. The parent molecules associated with the various fragment ions can usually be sorted out by comparison of the angular distributions of the detected ions [8]. 

Ultimately we may want to make direct comparisons with experimental measurements made on specific materials, in which case a good model of molecular interactions is essential. The aim of so-called ab initio molecular dynamics is to reduce the amount of fitting and guesswork in this process to a minimum. On the other hand, we may be interested in phenomena of a rather generic nature, or we may simply want to discriminate between good and bad theories. When it comes to aims of this kind, it is not necessary to have a perfectly realistic molecular model one that contains the essential physics may be quite suitable. 

One application of clustering could, for example, be the comparison of compound libraries A training set is chosen which contains members of both libraries. After the structures are coded (cf. Chapter 8), a Kohonen network (cf. Section 9.5.3) is trained and arranges the structures within the Kohonen map in relation to their structural similarity. Thus, the overlap between the two different libraries of compounds can be determined. 

Comparison of the water-induced acceleration of the reaction of 2.4a with the corresponding effect on 2.4g is interesting, since 2.4g contains an ionic group remote from the reaction centre. The question arises whether this group has an influence on the acceleration of the Diels-Alder reaction by water. Comparison of the data in Table 2.1 demonstrates that this is not the case. The acceleration upon going from ethanol to water amounts a factor 105 ( 10) for 2.4a versus 110 ( 11) for 2.4g. Apparently, the introduction of a hydrophilic group remote from the reaction centre has no effect on the aqueous acceleration of the Diels-Alder reaction. 

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