Conservation ethic

But there were a few unwritten rules for foreign investors, and Tompkins broke a big one when he criticized and then sued a powerful Chilean salmon farmer in 1994. And that was when the secret of Tompkins s conservation efforts entered the public consciousness, and the inevitable conflict took root between his zero-development conservation ethic and the long-held Chilean dream of a million-strong force of settlers taming Patagonia, much as the old West had been tamed in America, marching down a Southern Highway that never seemed to get built. It was not a realistic dream, but its romantic appeal ran deep. 

Conservation ethics have changed. A present concern is the use of the object for research. Most analytical methods are destructive. Any intrusive treatment, even as simple as using an algicide in storage water for waterlogged wood, can alter the research potential of the object (for example, distort the C date). And what about yet-to-be-devised analyses Many treatments alter the aesthetics of the object, and many treatments are not reversible. Conservators with their code of ethics may seem to have put unusually unrealistic constraints on methods of stabilizing archaeological wood, but this is not necessarily the case. 

Last, but by no means least, is the matter of the conservation ethic. All bonding, wherever possible, should be reversible over indefinite time. If rigorously adhered to, this constraint severely limits the types of adhesives that can be used. 

The most important environmental issue is one that is rarely mentioned, and that is the lack of a conservation ethic in our culture. 

To advocate a conservation ethic in promoting the health, productivity, diversity, and beauty of forests and associated lands. 

Code of Ethics and Standards of Practice, American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works, Washington, D.C., 1985. 

As a result, a number of scientific meetings and international organisations made important, ground-breaking proclamations relating to the conservation of biodiversity and the ethical considerations for compensation for access to genetic materials and traditional knowledge.7 These included ... 

The back-to-nature ethic embodied in both Russian ideals about the organic life and dachniki s activities contributes an important comparative example to understandings of environmental and nature movements in other parts of the world. Russians ideas about environmental stewardship invert the expected relationship between person and land, so that nature is understood to care for and protect people. Yet this does not absolve individuals from responsible behavior, even though what constitutes responsible action might seem at odds with the goals of environmental conservation. As a result, while popular opinion in Russia might hold that litter and fires in forests are undesirable, the perpetuation of such practices is understandable within the logic of a philosophy that sees nature as the one space where the normal rules and structures do not apply. 

Similarly, Jedrejewska (4), considering the ethics of conservation, writes about the treatment process ... 

Toxicology, and particularly the portion of it associated with the assessment of commercial products for safety, is philosophically a conservative scientific practice. If a choice is to be made as to whether to accurately identify human hazard or to over-predict any hazard, with both predictions having a degree of uncertainty, the latter course will be chosen. Likewise, if an evaluation process, which is dated but very familiar is challenged by a new technology which is scientifically, economically, and ethically superior but with which there is no precedent or prior history of use, the former will be selected. Both of these two choices are made with reference to what... 

The conservation of ethics, including the inherent right to existence of all living forms, is deeply rooted in the indigenous socio-cultural values of Ghanaians. 

Engineering is based on fundamentals and the dynamic balance among economic, operability, sustainability, safety, environmental, legal, ethical, and time constraints. It is dynamic, because the development of new technology, catalysts, and materials of construction, and the shifting economical, social, and political scenes, mean that the processes we develop, improve, and operate in the future will be dramatically different from past practice. We say it is based on fundamentals, because mass, energy, momentum, and charge will still be conserved. 

P.A.T.I. Burman, Hallowed antiquity Ethical considerations in the selection of conservation treatments, in N.S. Baer and R. Snethlage, (eds), Saving Our Architectural Heritage The Conservation of Historic Stone Structures, Dahlem Workshop Report ES20, Chichester, Wiley, New York, 1997,269-290. 

Conservation can be considered to be the application of a treatment or a series of treatments to an object of artistic, historic or even sentimental value to prevent, halt or reverse deterioration. The more philosophical and ethical considerations of the profession have been discussed, among others, by Pye and the practical application of these considerations to leather objects by Sturge. 

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