Conducting polymers PEDOT

Conducting Polymers, PEDOT-PSS, Doped Polyaniline and Polypyrrole... 

The simplest idea is to use orthogonal solvents for the individual layers, i. e., such that the solvent used in a deposition does not dissolve the previous layer(s). The most prominent example of such an approach is the conductive polymer PEDOT, which is commonly used as a hole-injecting anode and is deposited from an aqueous suspension. Organic layers can be deposited on top of the PEDOT layer without problem. 

Y.Z. Long, J.L. Duvail, Z.J. Chen, A.Z. Jin, and C.Z. Gu, Electrical conductivity and current-voltage characteristics of individual conducting polymer PEDOT nanowires. Chin. Phys. Lett., 25, 3474-3477 (2008). 

Figure 18.1 Schematic of conducting polymer PEDOT functionalized with GOx, operating as a biosensor for detecting glucose levels...

As a critical component of the DSSC, counter electrode is also a key to the flexibility of the device. Some flexible conductive materials, such as conducting polymers, carbon-based nanomaterials and their composites have been employed as flexible counter electrodes to replace the Pt electrode in the fabrication of flexible DSSCs. For instance, after coating with conducting polymer PEDOT, a flexible counter electrode was developed with low sheet resistance and served as an ideal candidate in replacement of the conventional Pt counter electrode (Fig. 9.1B) (Mozer et al., 2010). 

Figure 7.14 The process for preparation of PIL RG-0 hybrids with conducting polymer PEDOT using poiy(ionic iiquids). Reprinted with permission from Ref. [137]. Copyright 2011, Elsevier B.V.

Somboonsub B, Invernale MA, Thongyai S, Praserthdam P, Scola DA, Sotzing GA. Preparation of the thermally stable conducting polymer PEDOT —sulfonated poly(imide). Polymer 2010 51(6) 1231-6. 

Not only are polymers being used for power storage but they are also being used for memory storage as demonstrated by researchers at Princeton University in the US in collaboration with Hewlett-Packard Laboratories. The inherently conductive polymer, PEDOT, is used to make a memory which is technically a hybrid because it contains a plastic film, a flexible foil substrate and some silicon in the form of PEDOT organic conducting polymer dots on the surface of a thin film inorganic silicon diode. The researchers have speculated that it could support up to 100 Mbits of memory. 

Several reports and patents have appeared on the production of PV fibres. These fibres are themselves constmcted into fabrics or are incorporated as a part of a conventional fabric construction process. Much research has been conducted on organic PV fibres, and one example of the structure of these fibres is given in Figure 8.2 (Bedeloglu et al., 2010). Here, polypropylene monofilament is coated by successive thin layers of the conductive polymer, PEDOT PSS, and of a photoactive material that is a mixture of either P3HT and PCBM or of MDMO-PPV and PCBM. The structures of PEDOT PSS and of MDMO-PPV are also shown in Figure 8.1. The outer conductive coating consists of lithium fluoride and aluminium. A similar example is reported by Liu et al. (2007) for other types of fibres. 

As mentioned earlier, EDOT oxidation reactions typically lead to the conducting polymer PEDOT in its different doping states. These technically very... 

In the presence of acid the manganese dioxide reduces to soluble manganese(II) and simultaneously polymerizes the monomer EDOT to the conductive polymer PEDOT. The acid anions serve as charge-balancing counterions and get incorporated into the polymer. The chemical nature of the acid employed will influence the nucleation and the crystallization of the polymer. Morphology and achievable conductivity of the resulting polymer will therefore be critically influenced by the acid involved. ... 

Wilfried Lovenich, Ph.D., received his diploma in chemistry from the Technical University of Aachen (Germany). He then went to the University of Durham, Great Britain, to obtain his Ph.D. In 2002, Dr. Lovenich joined H.C. Starck, working as an R D chemist on the development and pilot plant production of the conductive polymer PEDOT. Since 2009, Dr. Lovenich has been the head of the R D group of H.C. Starck Clevios GmbH. 

Figure 13.7 Microscope pictures of the printed pattern edge area of the conducting polymer PEDOT PSS, showing a naturally dried edge (left) and an edge dried using hot wind drying (right).

Single crystalline LiFeP04 nanorods of length 1 pm and width 40 nm with orthorhombic crystal structure a = 10.320 A, b = 6.000 A, c = 4.697 A was synthesised by Murugan et al. [46]. Since LiFeP04 have poor electronic and ionic conductivities, these nanoparticles were subsequently coated by a mixed ionic-electronic conducting polymer, PEDOT (p-toluenesulphonic acid doped... 

Low-cost, single-use sensors were demonstrated by the authors, who printed the devices on plastic foil and fine paper substrates. Owing to the OECT mode of operation, the operating voltages were of the order of the reduction and oxidation potentials of the conducting polymer (PEDOT PSS), that is, typically of the order of IV. The source-drain current was considered as the sensing parameter and showed a near-exponential relationship to air humidity. It was argued that mobile ions in the electrolyte (which depend on humidity) modulate the electronic conductivity within the polymer channel. ... 

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