Condensation atmosphere

Figure 9-14. Unusual arrangement of relief valve and pipevimk on tank truck used to transport liquid carbon dioxide. The relief valve was cooled by the liquid and became blocked by ice from condensed atmospheric moisture. (Illustration courtesy of the Institution of Chemical Engineers.)...

Treatment of liquid air (containing condensed atmospheric moisture) with fluorine give a potentially explosive precipitate, thought to be fluorine hydrate [1], Contact of liquid fluorine with a bulk of water causes violent explosions. Ice tends to react explosively with fluorine gas after an indeterminate induction period [2],... 

The water droplets on the outside of a cold, unopened soda can came from condensed atmospheric water, just like dew forms on the morning grass. 

Carter, W.P. (1996) Condensed atmospheric photooxidation mechanisms for isoprene, Atmos. Environ. 30 (24), 4275-4290. 

Gas-particle interactions Accommodation processes on surfaces growth of particles by condensation atmospheric chemistry chemical processing of aerosolized materials aerosol catalysis chemical vapor deposition surface and cluster chemistry. 

If the dimethylamine content of the DMF is only slightly higher than reconunended, store the DMF in a brown bottle over 4 A molecular sieves for a few days, with occasional swirling, and retest. If the DMF then passes the test, bubble the solvent with N2 and store in the cold and dark. Warm to rt before opening the bottle to avoid condensing atmospheric H2O in the cold solvent. 

The simplest system for evaporation by gas blow-down is shown in Fig. 17.3. A Pasteur pipette is connected by a flexible tube to a cylinder of nitrogen, which has a gas blow-off safety system (p. 125). The sample is placed in a special tube with a conical base, such as a ReactiVial . Hold the Pasteur pipette and direct a gentle stream of nitrogen towards the side of the tube so that it flows over the surface of the liquid. As the solvent evaporates, the liquid and tube will cool and may condense atmospheric water into the tube. To prevent condensation, clamp the tube in a warm sand bath or above a closed steam bath or in the hole of a purpose-designed aluminium heating... 

Corrosion is now an annual multibiUion dollar expense to modem society. Even thin layers of condensed atmospheric moistme are sufficient aqueous environments for metallic alloys to lead to... 

Testing for UV radiation using BS EN ISO 11507 4 hours exposure to a light with specified UVA content at 60°C, followed by 4 hours exposure to a condensed atmosphere at 50°C for a period of 2000 hours... 

High-volume, low-pressure spray coaters use turbines rather than pumps to supply high volumes of low-pressure, heated air to the spray guns. Newer versions use ordinary compressed air. The air is heated to reduce the tendency to condense atmospheric moisture and to stabilize solvent evaporation. Low atomizing pressure results in lower droplet velocity, reduced bounce-back, and reduced overspray. The... 

One important ingredient of the Corrodkote slurry is the application of a paste-containing copper nitrate and ferric and ammonium chlorides in a clay-water matrix to the specimen surface, followed by exposure in a high-humidity non-condensing atmosphere. 

The vapor condensation atmosphere has better thermal transfer properties than IR or convection systems. This allows for even heat transfer on PCBs with large thermal masses. 

Oxygen (90.2 K) can be purchased or liquefied in the laboratory by condensing atmospheric oxygen onto tubes chilled with liquid nitrogen (LN). It presents a special safety hazard because materials that are normally only mildly flammable will burn very vigorously in the presence of a high oxygen content. 

Fuel contamination Fuel quality/storage/handling. Operating environment. Condensation/atmospheric conditions. Operator custom and practice. 

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