Computing Tabulating Recording

Weaving machines were first "programmed" by punched-card systems (the Jacquard49 process, 1801). The compilation of census data on 80-column punched Hollerith50 cards became possible in 1886, and speed up the 1890 US census. Assorted card-punches, card-readers, and card-sorters were later commercialized by the Computing Tabulating Recording Company (formed... 

Testing must be conducted in a typical end-user environment, or in a simulated end-user environment, identical with the environment where the software/computer system will be used. Documentation of testing can be recorded as raw data, such as in a logbook, and should include the parameters tested, and the results of testing. The data should be tabulated as a final report document that includes all details included in the test plan, their execution, the results, and conclusions. The final report document must be signed by appropriate personnel, reviewed as needed, and archived. Upon successful completion of testing, the software/computer system can be released for testing and use in an actual end-user environment. 

For practical purposes, the properties of humid air are recorded on psychrometric (or humidity) charts such as those of Figures 9.1 and 9.2, but tabulated data and equations also are available for greater accuracy. A computer version is available (Wiley Professional Software, Wiley, New York). The terminal properties of a particular adiabatic humification of air are located... 

The mass spectrum of cimetidine using a Hitachi Perkin-Elmer PMU-7E medium resolution mass spectrometer and a direct insertion probe of the sartple is shown in Figure 6. The mass spectrum was recorded on magnetic tape and relative abundances were calculated with a PDP-8/I digital computer coupled to the instrument. The results are presented in tabulated form in Table 2. ... 

For practical purposes, the properties of humid air are recorded on psychrometric (or humidity) charts such as those of Figures 9.1 and 9.2, but tabulated data and equations also are available for greater accuracy. A computer version is available (Wiley Professional Software, Wiley, New York). The terminal properties of a particular adiabatic humification of air are located on the same saturation line, one of those sloping upwards to the left on the charts. For example, all of these points are on the same saturation line (7)//) = (250,0.008), (170, 0.026) and (100,0.043) the saturation enthalpy is 72 Btu/lb dry, but the individual enthalpies are less by the amounts 2.5, 1.2, and 0, respectively. 

To ensure that the integrity of clinical research data is maintained and that there is total agreement between the data recorded on CRFs, the data entered in the computer, the data recorded in data listings and cross-tabulations, the data entered into statistical and clinical study reports and finally the... 

As discussed above, "conventional" methods for MM and MMD determination suffer from a series of limitations. It is therefore fruitful to look to other devices and techniques, such as MS, where such limitations might not be encountered. The MS method is based on the fact that ions strike the detector and produce a current that reflects the number of ions. The number of ions of mass M is proportional to the number of molecules at that mass, which implies that the detector measures the molar fraction of molecules of mass M. For polymers, one records the mass spectrum, tabulates MS peak intensities and computes Mn and Mw using Eqs. (2.1) and (2.2). Furthermore, one can directly check from the whole spectrum if the MM distribution is unimodal or bimodal. 

Tables 7.3 and 7.4 are compilations of densities and thermal expansion coefficients at one atmosphere tabulated at 20 °C intervals. Measurements below Tg are indicated by a g preceding the value. Some of the entries in these tables are taken directly from the published reports consequently, there are occasional small variations between these values and those computed from the smoothing expressions in Tables 7.1 and 7.2. Densities judged to be more accurate than +0.001g/cm are recorded in Table 7.3 with an additional digit. Thermal expansion coefficients can also be determined from the power series expressions in Tables 7.1 and 7.2 using...

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