Compression pumps

Drilling Engineering Drilling and completion costs Capital costs -platforms -pipelines -compression/pumps... 

Nowadays a shortened McLeod type compression vacuum gauge according to Kammerer is used to measure the partial final pressure of mechanically compressing pumps. Through the high degree of... 

In addition to the aqua ammonia of commerce, the gas is liquefied and stored in steel cylinders. Liquid ammonia is used for refrigeration. Instead of passing the gas into water, it is well dried, and liquefied by compression pumps. H. W. Foote and S. R. Brinkley14 recommended the following method of storing and delivering dry ammonia ... 

Material is transferred from one process operation to another by compression, pumping or conveying depending on whether a gas, liquid or a solid is transferred. This operation also requires energy to overcome frictional losses. 

A basic understanding of the hydrocarbon and chemical processes and their supporting utilities e.g. compression, pumping, control and operation, cooling arrangements. 

When the N2 feed rate is at the minimum value calculated in (a), the required coliuim length is infinite and hence so is the column cost. As the N2 feed rate increases for a given liquid feed rate, the column size and cost decrease but the cost of purchasing and compressing (pumping) the N2 increases. To determine the optimum gas/liquid feed ratio, you would need to know how the column size and cost and the N2 purchase and compression costs depend on the N2 feed rate and find the rate at which the cost is a minimum. 

Air PrchWing Tube Controlled Silicon Program me d Temperature Furnace Air Compress Pump... 

S Grieveson,. lDtermittent pneumatic compression pump settings for the optimum reduction of oedema , J Tissue Viability, 2003 13 98-1-2. 

With a dual-inlet system, the samples for analysis are converted into gases offline. The offline sample preparation procedure utilizes a specially designed apparatus involving vacuum lines, compression pumps, concentrators, reaction furnaces, and microdistillation equipment. This technique is time consuming, usually requires larger samples, and contamination and isotopic fractionation can potentially occur at each of the steps [9]. 

There are two main types of heat pumps vapor-compression pumps and absorption pumps. Vapor-compression heat pumps are the more common of the two. 

Georg Eimbke (Hamburg, 17 December 1771-Eppendorf, nr. Hamburg, 20 April 1843), assistant in the University of Kiel, inspector of salines in Holstein (1797—1806), and apothecary in Hamburg, also published on adipocire (see p. 547), a filtering apparatus, a multiple-wick spirit lamp and a compressing pump. He published a comparative nomenclature. ... 

Apparatus.—A suitable apparatus (2) is shown in Fig. 18. It consists of a bulb of about 155 c.c. capacity with a wide vertical tube, to which is sealed a narrow side tube cooled by water to act as a reflux condenser. The upper end of the side tube is connected with an exhaust and compression pump and J h. U differential gauge. The wide vertical... 

II) Turbine (12) Rectification column (pressure section) (13), (16), (19) combined condenser-evaporator unit (14) Rectification column (low-pressure section) (15) Crude argon column (17) Pure argon column (18) Reboiler (20) Ar- process pump (21) Internal compression pump (22) Throttle valve. 

Rectification column (low-pressure section) (5) Combined condenser-evaporator unit (6) Booster air compressor (7) Internal compression pump (8) Oxygen compressor, (a, b) Internal process flows (c) Gaseous pressurized oxygen (d) Low-pressure products. 

Old and new requirements from the area of chemical process engineering regarding the process vacuum pumps described, resulted beginning at the end of the 80s of the twentieth century in considerable development efforts of all leading manufacturers of mechanical vacuum pumps so as to be able to offer process-capable dry compressing pumps for the area of chemical and pharmaceutical process engineering. 

In accordance with DIN 28 400 (Part 2) a dry compressing vacuum pump is a positive displacement vacuum pump which operates without an oil seal (as the liquid seal). A diaphragm vacuum pump is a dry compressing pump, a type of pump which chiefly has its role in connection with laboratory apphcations. Here the diaphragm vacuum pump replaces the universal laboratory water jet pumps, the water consumption of which and thus the high operating costs due to the generation of contaminated waste water are factors which are not desired. 

For the same reasons on which the move in the chemistry laboratory to dry compressing vacuum pumps is based, dry compressing pumps have also been developed for chemical production facilities. The different pumps operate according to... 

Chiefly the following fundamentally known vacuum pump principles have been relied on in the development of oil-free compressing pumps ... 

The vacuum pump is cooled by means of a water jacket. In order to reduce the temperatures inside it is possible to admit cooling gas which can be adapted to the process conditions. For example, the cold gas can be taken downstream from a downstream condenser. But also fresh gas like nitrogen can be used for cooling. This dry compressing pump is not equipped with any valves. Any screw mechanism will be found to be quite insensitive to hquids entrained in the gas... 

Low, but not too low inside temperatures of the surfaces in contact with the gas on the one hand so as to avoid thermal carburisation or even the ignition of pumped vapours and to avoid on the other hand early condensation within the pump. The avoidance of condensation is in all modern dry compressing pumps supported by measures already invented by one of the most important engineering personalities, namely Prof Gaede from Cologne in the first decades of the past century, the gas ballast (see also Figure 5.8). 

Additional effort for cooling (compression, pumping, quench water preheating, etc.)... 

---