Compounding process additives/components

It s helpful to understand that because the applicants are claiming the compound with further limitations, the absolute novelty of the compound (by itself) is not a prerequisite to the absolute novelty of the claim. Claim 13 is directed to a process that involves using the compound as a component to effect a particular end, and claim 14 describes a composition including a certain ratio of the claimed substance together with another additive selected from a list of possible components. 

Today, basically every compounding machine is fitted with at least one degassing zone to remove moisture, air, and/or decomposition products. These components are introduced either with the polymer or additives or may be released during the compounding process. A high level of low-molecular substances can decrease mechanical properties and can lead to subsequent degassing by diffusion which runs counter to the demand for odor- and taste-free finished products. 

If catalysts are prepared by coprecipitation, the composition of the solutions determine the composition of the final product. Often the composition of the precipitate will reflect the solution concentrations, as was shown for CuO/ZnO catalysts for methanol synthesis [18], but this is not necessarily the case. For al-minum phosphates it was found that at low P A1 ratios the precipitate composition is identical to the solution composition, but if the P A1 ratio in the solution comes close to and exceeds unity, the precipitate composition asymptotically approaches a P A1 ratio of 1 [19]. Deviations from solution composition in coprecipitation processes will generally occur if solubilities of the different compounds differ strongly and precipitation is not complete or, if in addition to stoichiometric compounds, only one component forms an insoluble precipitate this the case for the aluminum phosphate. 

In addition to their active compounds, pesticide formulations often contain by-products of the manufacturing process and a quantity of inert ingredients. The potential contribution made by all known or potential additional components in any pesticide preparation must be considered in assessment of a pesticide for immunotoxic potential. For example, 0,0,S-trimethyl phosphorothioate (OOS-TMP), a contaminant of malathion, has been shown to alter immune function (19,... 

The data were generally in accordance with the lists of elements emitted in the course of technological processes applied by particular works. The main zinc ores used in Poland such as sphalerite, ZnS, and galman, ZnC03 + ZnSi04-H20 are almost always accompanied by lead and cadmium compounds, and very often by copper, arsenic and antimony (Jedrzejowski, 1987). Germanium and tin compounds occur as additional components of sulphidic zinc and lead ores. 

Precipitation polymerization, also known as slurry polymerization, involves solution systems in which the monomer is soluble but the polymer is not. It is probably the most important process for the coordination polymerization of olefins. The process involves, essentially, a catalyst preparation step and polymerization at pressures usually less than 50 atm and low temperatures (less than 100°C). The resultant polymer, which is precipitated as fine floes, forms a slurry consisting of about 20% polymer strspended in the liquid hydrocarbon employed as solvent. The polymer is recovered by stripping off the solvent, washing off the catalyst, and if necessary, extracting any undesirable polymer components. Finally, the polymer is compounded with additives and stabilizers and then granulated. 

Recent basic research has turned up new approaches for innovative materials combining elements of, and integrating the advantages of, wood and synthetic plastics. Lignin is one of the main components of this new class of plastic-like, wood-like biocomposites. The resulting mixture of lignin, natural fibers, and additives is a compound processable as a thermoplastic. The processed materials are short fiber composites. Arboform is a trade name for this class of compounds. 

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