Compound binary molecular compounds

The anesthetic dinitrogen oxide (N2O), commonly known as nitrous oxide, is a covalently bonded compound. Because it contains only two different elements, it is a binary molecular compound. Binary molecular compounds are composed of two different nonmetals and do not contain metals or ions. Although many of these compounds have common names, they also have scientific names that reveal their composition. Use the following simple rules to name binary molecular compounds. 

Chemical nomenclature is the systematic naming of compounds based on their formulas or structures. Rules are given for naming ionic compounds, binary molecular compounds, acids, and hydrates. 

When two nonmetals combine with each other, the product is most often a binary molecular compound. There is no simple way to deduce the formulas of such compounds. There is, however, a systematic way of naming molecular compounds that differs considerably from that used with ionic compounds. 

The systematic name of a binary molecular compound, which contains two different nonmetals, consists of two words. 

Nitrogen dioxide (N02, a binary molecular compound. It is a reddish-brown gas at 25°C and 1 atm... 

A few binary molecular compounds containing H atoms ionize in water to form H+ ions. These are called acids. One such compound is hydrogen chloride, HC1 in water solution it exists as aqueous H+ and Cl- ions. The water solution of hydrogen chloride is given a special name It is referred to as hydrochloric acid. A similar situation applies with HBr and HI ... 

Beta radiation Electron emission from unstable nuclei, 26,30,528 Binary molecular compound, 41-42,190 Binding energy Energy equivalent of the mass defect measure of nuclear stability, 522,523 Bismuth (m) sulfide, 540 Blassie, Michael, 629 Blind staggers, 574 Blister copper, 539 Blood alcohol concentrations, 43t Body-centered cubic cell (BCC) A cubic unit cell with an atom at each comer and one at the center, 246 Bohrmodd Model of the hydrogen atom... 

In general, binary compounds of two nonmetals are molecular, whereas binary compounds formed by a metal and a nonmetal are ionic. Water (H20) is an example of a binary molecular compound, and sodium chloride (NaCl) is an example of a binary ionic compound. As we shall see, these two types of compounds have... 

Binary molecular compounds other than acids... 

Binary molecular compounds are named by using Greek prefixes to indicate the number of atoms of each element present the element named second has its ending changed to -ide. 

Both S and F are nonmetals. This is a binary molecular compound sulfur hexafluoride. 

Some compounds, namely molecular compounds, contain only nonmetals. Normally the compounds you need to name are binary compounds (containing only two elements). If you have highlighted the metalloids on your periodic table, everything to the right of the metalloids is a nonmetal. The following rules apply to both nonmetals and metalloids. The only nonmetal excluded from these nomenclature rules is hydrogen. 

Naming binary molecular compounds requires using Greek prefixes to indicate the number of atoms of each element in the compound or molecule. Prefixes are given in Table 1.4. Prefixes precede each element to indicate the number of atoms in the molecular compound. The stem of the second element takes the ide suffix. The prefix mon is dropped for the initial element that is, if no prefix is given, it is assumed that the prefix is 1. Examples of molecular compounds are carbon dioxide (C02), carbon monoxide (CO), and dinitrogen tetroxide (N204). 

The formulas of ionic compounds and molecular compounds are reported differently. Crystals of sodium chloride have different total numbers of cations and anions. We cannot simply specify the numbers of ions present as the formula of this ionic compound, for each crystal would have a different formula and the subscripts would be enormous. However, the ratio of the number of cations to the number of anions is the same in all the crystals, and the chemical formula shows this ratio. In sodium chloride, there is one Na+ ion for each Cl ion, so its formula is NaCl. Sodium chloride is an example of a binary ionic compound, a compound formed from the ions of two elements. 

Certain binary molecular compounds have common names that are widely used (Table D.3). The phosphorus oxides are distinguished by a... 

Some binary molecular compounds of hydrogen possess acidic... 

Binary molecular compounds are named by assuming that one of the two elements in the molecule is more cationlike and the other element is more anionlike. As with ionic compounds, the cationlike element takes the name of the element itself, and the anionlike element takes an -ide ending. The compound HF, for example, is called hydrogen fluoride. 

Because nonmetals often combine in different proportions to form different compounds, numerical prefixes are usually included in the names of binary molecular compounds to specify the numbers of each kind of atom present. The... 

Identify the names of binary molecular compounds from their formulas. 

Many binary molecular compounds were discovered and given common names long before the modem naming system was developed. Table 9-2 lists some of these molecules, their common names, and the binary molecular compound names. 

Using the system of rules for naming binary molecular compounds, describe how you would name the molecule N2O4. 

For binary molecular compounds (compounds with only two elements), the name begins with the name of the element that is farthest to the left and lowest in the periodic table. The name of the second element is given the suffix -ide and a Greek number prefix is used on the first element if necessary (e.g., dinitrogen tetroxide, N204). 

Name the following binary molecular compounds (a) AsFj, (b) Br20, (c) BrFj, (d) CSc2, (e) CI2O7. 

Binary molecular compounds are named by writing the two elements in the order they are found in the formula, changing the ending of the second element to -ide, and adding Greek prefixes to the element names to indicate how many atoms of each are present. 

Let s look at more names of binary molecular compounds to see how these rules are applied ... 

Correctly name the following binary, molecular compounds. 

Questions 19 through 21, names and formulas of binary molecular compounds, (page 52)... 

Nearly all binary molecular compounds involve two nonmetals bonded together. Although many nonmetals can exhibit different oxidation numbers, their oxidation numbers are not properly indicated by Roman numerals or suffixes. Instead, elemental proportions in binary covalent compounds are indicated by using a prefix system for both elements. The Greek and Latin prefixes for one through ten are mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, octa, nona, and deca. The prefix mono- is omitted for both elements except in the common name for CO, carbon monoxide. We use the minimum number of prefixes needed to name a compound unambiguously. The final a in a prefix is omitted when the nonmetal stem begins with the letter o we write heptoxide, not heptaoxide. ... 

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