Compound molecular, binary

When two nonmetals combine with each other, the product is most often a binary molecular compound. There is no simple way to deduce the formulas of such compounds. There is, however, a systematic way of naming molecular compounds that differs considerably from that used with ionic compounds. 

The systematic name of a binary molecular compound, which contains two different nonmetals, consists of two words. 

Nitrogen dioxide (N02, a binary molecular compound. It is a reddish-brown gas at 25°C and 1 atm... 

A few binary molecular compounds containing H atoms ionize in water to form H+ ions. These are called acids. One such compound is hydrogen chloride, HC1 in water solution it exists as aqueous H+ and Cl- ions. The water solution of hydrogen chloride is given a special name It is referred to as hydrochloric acid. A similar situation applies with HBr and HI ... 

Beta radiation Electron emission from unstable nuclei, 26,30,528 Binary molecular compound, 41-42,190 Binding energy Energy equivalent of the mass defect measure of nuclear stability, 522,523 Bismuth (m) sulfide, 540 Blassie, Michael, 629 Blind staggers, 574 Blister copper, 539 Blood alcohol concentrations, 43t Body-centered cubic cell (BCC) A cubic unit cell with an atom at each comer and one at the center, 246 Bohrmodd Model of the hydrogen atom... 

In general, binary compounds of two nonmetals are molecular, whereas binary compounds formed by a metal and a nonmetal are ionic. Water (H20) is an example of a binary molecular compound, and sodium chloride (NaCl) is an example of a binary ionic compound. As we shall see, these two types of compounds have... 

We can often decide whether a substance is an ionic compound or a molecular compound by examining its formula. Binary molecular compounds are typically formed from two nonmetals (such as hydrogen and oxygen, the elements in water). Ionic compounds are typically formed from the combination of a metallic element with nonmetallic elements (such as the combination of potassium with sulfur and oxygen to form potassium sulfate, K2S04). Ionic compounds typically contain one metallic element the principal exceptions are compounds containing the ammonium ion, such as ammonium nitrate, which are ionic even though all the elements present are nonmetallic. 

Binary molecular compounds other than acids... 

Binary molecular compounds are named by using Greek prefixes to indicate the number of atoms of each element present the element named second has its ending changed to -ide. 

Both S and F are nonmetals. This is a binary molecular compound sulfur hexafluoride. 

Ionic compounds consist of positive ions (cations) and negative ions (anions) hence, ionic compounds often consist of a metal and nonmetal. The electrostatic attraction between a cation and anion results in an ionic bond that results in compound formation. Binary ionic compounds form from two elements. Sodium chloride (NaCl) and sodium fluoride (NaF) are examples of binary ionic compounds. Three elements can form ternary ionic compounds. Ternary compounds result when polyatomic ions such as carbonate (C032 ), hydroxide (OH-), ammonium (NH4+), form compounds. For example, a calcium ion, Ca2+, combines with the carbonate ion to form the ternary ionic compound calcium carbonate, CaC03. Molecular compounds form discrete molecular units and often consist of a combination of two nonmetals. Compounds such as water (H20), carbon dioxide (C02), and nitric oxide (NO) represent simple binary molecular compounds. Ternary molecular compounds contain three elements. Glucose ( 12 ) is a ternary molecular compound. There are several distinct differences between ionic and molecular compounds, as summarized in Table 1.2. 

Naming binary molecular compounds requires using Greek prefixes to indicate the number of atoms of each element in the compound or molecule. Prefixes are given in Table 1.4. Prefixes precede each element to indicate the number of atoms in the molecular compound. The stem of the second element takes the ide suffix. The prefix mon is dropped for the initial element that is, if no prefix is given, it is assumed that the prefix is 1. Examples of molecular compounds are carbon dioxide (C02), carbon monoxide (CO), and dinitrogen tetroxide (N204). 

Many simple inorganic molecular compounds are named by using the Greek prefixes in Table D.2 to indicate the number of each type of atom present. Usually, no prefix is used if only one atom of an element is present an important exception to this rule is carbon monoxide, CO. Most of the common binary molecular compounds—molecular compounds built from two elements—have at least one element from Group 16 or 17. These elements are named second, with their endings changed to -ide ... 

Certain binary molecular compounds have common names that are widely used (Table D.3). The phosphorus oxides are distinguished by a... 

Some binary molecular compounds of hydrogen possess acidic... 

Binary molecular compounds are named by assuming that one of the two elements in the molecule is more cationlike and the other element is more anionlike. As with ionic compounds, the cationlike element takes the name of the element itself, and the anionlike element takes an -ide ending. The compound HF, for example, is called hydrogen fluoride. 

Because nonmetals often combine in different proportions to form different compounds, numerical prefixes are usually included in the names of binary molecular compounds to specify the numbers of each kind of atom present. The... 

Identify the names of binary molecular compounds from their formulas. 

The anesthetic dinitrogen oxide (N2O), commonly known as nitrous oxide, is a covalently bonded compound. Because it contains only two different elements, it is a binary molecular compound. Binary molecular compounds are composed of two different nonmetals and do not contain metals or ions. Although many of these compounds have common names, they also have scientific names that reveal their composition. Use the following simple rules to name binary molecular compounds. 

Many binary molecular compounds were discovered and given common names long before the modem naming system was developed. Table 9-2 lists some of these molecules, their common names, and the binary molecular compound names. 

Using the system of rules for naming binary molecular compounds, describe how you would name the molecule N2O4. 

For binary molecular compounds (compounds with only two elements), the name begins with the name of the element that is farthest to the left and lowest in the periodic table. The name of the second element is given the suffix -ide and a Greek number prefix is used on the first element if necessary (e.g., dinitrogen tetroxide, N204). 

Name the following binary molecular compounds (a) AsFj, (b) Br20, (c) BrFj, (d) CSc2, (e) CI2O7. 

Binary molecular compounds are named by writing the two elements in the order they are found in the formula, changing the ending of the second element to -ide, and adding Greek prefixes to the element names to indicate how many atoms of each are present. 

Let s look at more names of binary molecular compounds to see how these rules are applied ... 

Correctly name the following binary, molecular compounds. 

Questions 19 through 21, names and formulas of binary molecular compounds, (page 52)... 

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