Prefixes numbering

Number Prefix Number Prefix Number Prefix... 

Reaction.s 1 through 15 con.stitute the cycle that lead.s to die formation of one equivalent of gluco.se. The enzyme catalyzing each step, a concise reaction, and die overall carbon balance is given. Numbers in parendieses show die numbers of carbon atoms in the substrate and product molecules. Prefix numbers indicate in a. stoichiometric fashion how many times each step is carried out in order to provide a balanced net reacdon. 

In naming olefins, the prefix number indicates the lower numbered carbon atom involved in the double bond, numbering from one end of the molecule. Two or more double bonds in one molecule are possible with the number of double bonds indicated by di- for two double bonds, tri- for three, tetra for four, etc. before the -ene ending (e.g., butadiene). Buta- means four carbons and diene indicates the presence of two double bonds. 

Number of Atoms Prefix Number of Atoms Prefix... 

C) The location of the double bond along an alkene chain is indicated by a prefix number that designates the number of the carbon atom that is part of the double bond and is nearest an end of the chain. The chain is always numbered from the end that gives the smallest number prefix. 

Prefix Number of carbon atoms Prefix Number of carbon atoms... 

The prefix number designates the value of n. Each line in the diagram represents one energy level, each can accommodate two electrons of opposite spin. The ground state electron configuration of atoms can now be determined, if the total number of electrons is given. To get the state of minimum... 

Isomers are possible for butene and higher alkenes, depending on the position of the double bond in the chain, which must be specified by a numerical prefix. Numbering starts from the chain end nearer the double bond, and only the first of the double-bond carbons is cited. If a substituent is present on the chain, its identity is noted and its position of attachment is given. If the double bond is... 

Numbers within the Rings Indicate the Systematic Numbering Based on Chemical Abstracts Order of Prefixes Numbers outside the Rings Indicate the Usual Terpene Numbering. These Numberings Are Those in Current Usage and Are Not Necessarily the Recommended Numberings. 

Rule 5. Indicate the position of each double bond, regardless of whether it is inside or outside the ring, by the proper prefix numbers as determined by Rule 3 above. 

For a double bond within the ring, only one prefix number is necessary — that of the lower-numbered carbon to which the double bond is attached — e.g., 3-thujene (Formula 48, Chart 10) 2-pinene (Formula 67, Chart 12). 

For a double bond outside the ring, two prefix numbers are necessary — that of the ring carbon to which the double bond is attached, and following this in parentheses that of the substituent carbon to which the double bond is attached — e.g., 3(10)-carene(Formula 58,Chart 11) 2(10),3-pinadiene (Formula 70, Chart 12). If the number of the substituent carbon in such a double bond were the next higher-numbered carbon to the ring carbon, which is impossible on the basis of the fixed numberings of the thujane, carane, and pinane structures (see Rule 2), then only one prefix number would be necessary. 

Structures and the recommended names of compounds belonging to the bomane group of bicyclic terpene hydrocarbons are given in Chart 14. Reasons for coining the name bornane and for the necessity of using the norbomane-type names to systematize the nomenclature of the bicyclo 2.2. [] heptane bicyclics have been presented earlier. Examination of the names in Chart 14 reveals that in the systematic bicyclo 2.2.1 ]heptane names and the recommended norbornane names the prefix numbers for substituents and double bonds and the order of names of substituents are identical. 

The prefixed number specifies the size of the generated ring. 

The order in which the electrons occupy the various n and / states as atomic number increases through the Periodic Table is illustrated in Table 2.1. The prefix number specifies the principal quantum number, the letters s, p, d and / respectively specify the orbitals for which / = 0, 1, 2 and 3, and the superscript specifies the number of electrons in the particular orbital. For brevity the electron configurations for the inert gases are denoted [Ar] for example. 

Fig. 13. Band structure and self-trapped states of a [Pt(CN)4]2- chain (schematic, energies not to scale). The energetic order of AJU and Ei is deduced from experimental results94. For a distinction of the free exciton states and the self-trapped states the symbols of the irreducible representations have been marked by additionally prefixed numbers 2 or 1, respectively...

PREFIX NUMBER OF CARBON ATOMS NAME STRUCTURE... 

Prefix Number of Atoms Example Name Prefix Number of Atoms Example Name... 

Number of atoms Prefix Number of atoms Prefix... 

The location of the double bond along an alkene chain is indicated by a prefix number that designates the double-bond carbon atom that is nearest an end of the chain. The chain is always numbered from the end that brings us to the double bond sooner and hence gives the smallest-numbered prefix. In propene the only possible location for the double bond is between the first and second carbons thus, a prefix indicating its location is unnecessary. For butene (Figure 24.7) there are two possible positions for the double bond, either after the first carbon (1-butene) or after the second carbon (2-butene). 

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