Composite tanks composites

An aH-stainless steel tank, Series 302 or 304, is frequendy specified, but composite tanks of stainless and carbon steel have also been used successhiUy. 

Figure 5.214. The batch column was started with total reflux the reflux was then reduced to 0.25 at t = 75 and then increased (from 1.0 to 5.0 to 50.0) whenever the distillate tank composition XO fell below 0.9. The response of the plate compositions and the fraction distilled, FRAC, are shown.

Figure 5.218. Change of distillate tank composition with time, corresponding to the run in Fig. 5.217.

In continuous flow, the only point in the tank that must be equal to the feed composition for steady-state operation is the drawoff point. Thus, if the drawoff point is at the bottom, middle, or top of the tank, different average tank compositions can result, even though the composition of the entrance and exit streams are the same. If the mixer is large enough to provide complete uniformity of all the solids, including the coarse particles as well as the fine particles, then the drawoff point does not make any difference in the composition of the tank. However, if the mixer is designed only to just suspend the solids to the drawoff point, then tank compositions vary widely, depending upon the drawoff conditions. 

Figure 4.13. Condenser Holdup Tank Composition Profile (IBD Column)...

The coefficient K a is a good measure of the efficiency of an aerator. It depends on many factors, such as temperature, wastewater composition, tank geometry, and turbulence. 

Achieved European Integrated Hydrogen Project (EIHP) specifications for 5,000 psi hydrogen storage tank, the first all-composite tank to achieve this... 

The QUANTUM advanced composite tank technology incorporates a "TriShield " design... 

Regardless of the procedure used it must be documented in its entirety. A few important parameters are solvent composition, tank volume, position of application, and migration distance. 

Generai Motors, which has aiso been experimenting with H2/O2 fuel cells, in 2005 introduced the Chevrolet Sequel, which can go from 0 to 60 mph in 10 seconds with a range of 300 miles. The car has composite tanks for storage of 8 kg of liquid hydrogen. GM s goal is to build a fuel-cell system by 2010 that can compete with the current internal combustion engine. 

Kang et al. [28] report a space-qualified FBG system that uses FBG sensors to monitor the strains in a filament-wound CFRP tank during pressure testing. Mizutani et al. [27] describes a space-qualified on-board FBG system used to monitor the strain on a CFRP composite LH2 tank installed on a reusable launch vehicle (RLV) test article. The FBG sensors were installed on the CFRP composite tank with UV-cured polyurethane adhesive that showed good performance at cryogenic temperatures. The system (which weighs less than 2 kg) was installed, flown, and tested on the RLV typical recorded data are shown in Figure 16.15. 

Mizutani T, Takeda N, Takeya H. On-board strain measurement of a cryogenic composite tank mounted on a reusable rocket using FBG sensors. Struct Health Monit Int J 2006 5(3) 205-14. http //dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475921706058016. 

For more than 26 years, another buried composite tank, UL-1, kept gasoline and diesel fuel from leaking into surrounding ground water. The tank s alphanumerical designation means it was the first of its kind to achieve Underwriters Laboratories (UL) recognition [3] for corrosion resistance and structural integrity. 

Two steel tanks were removed from the same site and at the same time as the composite tank. There are no records to show how long these steel tanks were in service. One of the steel tanks was dusted with white metal oxide corrosion, while the other had signs of corrosion at the weld line. Rust had weakened the joint so much that the weld line could be scraped away with a pocket knife, revealing holes. Corrosive attack on an underground gasoline tank comes from both the inside and outside. An inside problem is moisture, which is often present in the fuel and settles at the bottom. Depending on various conditions, the moisture can create severe internal corrosion. But an inspection of the 25 year old composite tank showed no internal corrosion, even though there was moisture with the fuel on the bottom. 

The exterior of a steel tank can be broken down by a galvanic, electrochemical reaction. However, the exterior of the 25 year old composite tank was in excellent condition. No corrosion was noted, even though the soil was saturated with moisture to about a third of the way up the tank wall. 

---