Complex specific tests with

Laboratory diagnosis of Chagas disease is complex, primarily because of the genetically diverse and polymorphous parasite. PCR is not always able to detect the specific DNA because of intermittent or low levels of parasites in the blood stream during the chronic stage. Radio-immuno-precipitation assay (RIPA), a highly specific test with easily interpreted results, has been a confirmatory test used in the... 

Often the remaining circuit part without microprocessors is so complex that testing with the aid of PASS II would be an advantage. In such a case the data obtained from the microprocessor could be introduced as input data into the software model produced by PASS II. Thus one can analyse which bit combinations at the microprocessor outlet result constantly or only at specific points of time in a dangerous fault. 

The RQ flex test kit (Merck) which uses specific test strips is useful for the semi-quantitative determination of several analytes. D(+) ascorbic acid can be determined in fortified food products with an accuracy of 85-115% (unpublished data), however the procedure cannot be applied to coloured food products. Added iron salts may be extracted from food products with dilute sulphuric acid and adjusted to pH2 with NaOH solution. Fe3+ is reduced to Fe2+ with ascorbic acid. Fe2+ reacts with Ferrospectral to form a red-violet complex. An internal calibration is provided on a barcode which is read by the RQ-flex reflectometer prior to any measurements. This avoids the need to calibrate the instrument with standard solutions. 

Upon purification of the XDH from C. purinolyticum, a separate Se-labeled peak appeared eluting from a DEAE sepharose column. This second peak also appeared to contain a flavin based on UV-visible spectrum. This peak did not use xanthine as a substrate for the reduction of artificial electron acceptors (2,6 dichlor-oindophenol, DCIP), and based on this altered specificity this fraction was further studied. Subsequent purification and analysis showed the enzyme complex consisted of four subunits, and contained molybdenum, iron selenium, and FAD. The most unique property of this enzyme lies in its substrate specificity. Purine, hypoxanthine (6-OH purine), and 2-OH purine were all found to serve as reductants in the presence of DCIP, yet xanthine was not a substrate at any concentration tested. The enzyme was named purine hydroxylase to differentiate it from similar enzymes that use xanthine as a substrate. To date, this is the only enzyme in the molybdenum hydroxylase family (including aldehyde oxidoreductases) that does not hydroxylate the 8-position of the purine ring. This unique substrate specificity, coupled with the studies of Andreesen on purine fermentation pathways, suggests that xanthine is the key intermediate that is broken down in a selenium-dependent purine fermentation pathway. ... 

This hypothesis was tested by adding other cobalt(III) complexes to compete with (NH3)5Co02PH22 + for the hydridocobalt. This caused the yield of H2P02- to decrease, as predicted by the scheme in Equations 8.64—8.66, where kh, kc, and kt are the specific rates for the hydride shift, reaction with Co(OPH20)2+, and trapping with Co(X)2 +, respectively. The ratio of phosphite to hypophosphite was used to evaluate the efficacy of the external traps. Among those tested, the complex (NH3)5Co(NCS)2+ was the most efficient. 

A murine monoclonal antibody has been developed that is specific for conformational changes that occur in Clq after binding to immune complexes. It does not bind native Clq (G14, H19). This antibody (or a similar one) has been used in a solid-phase, enzyme-linked assay for the detection of immune complexes (R3). We have evaluated this test and the monoclonal anti-C3 test with a large panel of specially prepared specimens. We previously used this panel to evaluate five other assays for immune complexes (M10). The monoclonal anti-C3 and anti-Clq assays performed as well as, if not better than, the other assays we evaluated. 

Impact tests made with the DYNATUP system indicate that the impact process is not restricted to a simple mechanism. Although means are available to isolate specific characteristics of the fracture process, this information is of little value unless it is specifically correlated with sample morphology. When the detailed test data are related to morphology, an understanding of the complex mechanisms operating during fracture is possible. 

---