Colouration types

Ohnishi, E. 1959. Pigment composition in the pupal cuticles of two colour types of the swallowtails, Papilio xuthus L. and P. pmtenor demetrius Cramer. J. Insect Physiol., 3 132-145. 

To assess the use of HPLC and fluorophore assisted carbohydrate gel electrophoresis as a means of profiling caramel colour types III and IV. 

Curcumin. Food colouring. Type-IV reaction (Hata et al. 1997)... 

Annato. Food colouring. Type-I reactions (Nish et al. 

A number of controls are provided to enable the user to tailor the colour, scale and orientation of the displayed image to highlight details of interest. Two types of colour map are available. The Default colour map is a cold-to-hot scheme in which with cold colours such as blue used for low amplitudes and hot colours such as red, yellow and white used for high amplitudes. The Mono colour map uses intensities of red, from black upwards, to indicate increasing amplitude. 

Dissolve a few drops of nitromethane in 10% sodium hydroxide solution. Add a few crystals of sodium nitrite and shake. Now add dilute sulphuric acid drop by drop. A brownish-red coloration develops, but fades again when an excess of acid is added. The sulphuric acid has thus liberated nitrous acid, which has in turn reacted with the nitromethane to give a nitrolic acid, the sodium salt of which is CH3NO2 + ONOH = CH(N02) N0H + HgO reddish-brown in colour, probably owing to mesomeric ions of the type ... 

One of the chief uses of sulphanilic acid is in the preparation of coloured derivatives of the methyhorange type (p. 214). 

The constitution of the coloured compound formed bct%wen a m-dinitro-compound and acetone is of the type CH3-CO-CH2 + 5 ... 

In a 500 ml. round-bottomed flask place 65 ml. of rectified spirit, 50 g. (47 5 ml.) of pure benzaldehyde (1) and a solution of 5 g. of sodium cyanide (96-98 per cent.) CAUTION) in 50 ml, of water. Attach a reflux condenser (preferably of the double surface type) and boil the mixture gently for half an hour (2). Cool the contents of the flask (preferably in an ice bath). Filter the crude benzoin, wash it with cold water, drain well (3) and dry. The yield of crude benzoin, which is white or pale yellow in colour, is 45 g. 

Some reference to the use of nitrous acid merits mention here. Primary aromatic amines yield diazonium compounds, which may be coupled with phenols to yield highly-coloured azo dyes (see Section IV,100,(iii)). Secondary aromatic amines afford nitroso compounds, which give Liebermann a nitroso reaction Section IV,100,(v). Tertiary aromatic amines, of the type of dimethylaniline, yield p-nitroso derivatives see Section IV,100,(vii). ... 

Classification by usage or appHcation is the principal system adopted by the Colour Index (5). Because the most important textile fibers are cotton (qv) and polyester, the most important dye types are those used for dyeing these two fibers, including polyester—cotton blends (see Fibers, polyester). 

The problem difference and identifications given type material letter gains all greater urgency. In this connection purpose persisting work was a study of the possibility difference gell ink handle of one colour, made different company. 

The study of colour reactions of flocculants with organic reagents of various classes revealed that they can be used for determination of residual amount of flocculants in various types of waters. Best spectrofotometric char acteristics were demonstrated of flocculants with the sulphophthalein reagents and dioxyazocompounds. 

Ratings may be improved by approximately 20% if the busbars are painted black with a non-metallic matt finish paint. This is because heat dissipation through a surface depends upon temperature, type of surface and colour. A rough surface will dissipate heat more readily than a smooth surface and a black body more quickly than a normal surface. Also refer to Section 51.4.4 and Table 51.1. 

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