Colorectal cancer chemoprevention

Colorectal Cancer Chemoprevention Strategies Targeting Bile Acids (Illustrated in Figure 5.2)... 

Kune GA. Colorectal cancer chemoprevention aspirin, other NSAID and COX-2 inhibitors. Aust NZ JSurg 2000 70 452 155. 

Thomasset S, Berry DP, Cai H, et al. Pilot study of oral anthocyanins for colorectal cancer chemoprevention. Cancer Prev Res (Phila Pa). 2009 2(7) 625-633. 

Primary prevention is aimed at preventing colorectal cancer in an at-risk population. To date, the only strategy shown to reduce the risk is chemoprevention with celecoxib in people with familial adenomatous polyposis. 

Selective COX-2 inhibitors have also been shown to prevent early and late forms of colorectal neoplasia in rat models. Reddy et al. showed that administration of celecoxib inhibited aberrant colonic crypt foci (ACF) induction and multiplicity by about 40-49% in an azoxymethane-induced ACF rat model (81). Later the same investigators also showed that dietary administration of celecoxib can inhibit both the incidence and multiplicity of colon tumors by about 93 % and 97 %, respectively in the same rat model (82). Other researchers reported similar results with the Min mouse model (52). There is little data on human clinical trials with selective COX-2 inhibitors for colorectal tumor prevention. Recently Steinbach et al. conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled study with 77 patients with FAP, and reported that treatment with celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, for 6 mo led to a significant reduction (28%) in the number of colorectal polyps in these patients (50). Collectively, COX-2 nonspecific or specific NSAIDs appear to have chemopreventive activity against colorectal cancer development. Selective... 

Arber N, Levin B. Chemoprevention of colorectal cancer ready for routine use Recent Results Cancer Res. 2005 166 213-230. 

Chell S, Patsos HA, Qualtrough D, et al. Prospects in NSAID-derived chemoprevention of colorectal cancer. Biochem Soc Trans. 2005 33 667-671. 

Nomoto, H. ligo, M. Hamada, H. Kojima, S. Tsuda, H. 2004. Chemoprevention of colorectal cancer by grape seed proanthocyanidin is accompanied by a decrease in proliferation and increase in apoptosis. Nutr. Cancer 49 81-88. 

Janne P A, Mayer R J 2000 Chemoprevention of colorectal cancer. New England Journal of Medicine 342 1960-1968... 

Janne P A, Mayer R J 2000 Chemoprevention of colorectal cancer. New England Journal of Medicine 342 1960-1968 Madoff R D 1998 Pharmacologic therapy for anal fissure. New England Journal of Medicine 338 257 Midgley R, Kerr D1999 Colorectal cancer. Lancet 353 391-399... 

Courtney ED, Melville DM, Leicester RJ. Review article chemoprevention of colorectal cancer. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004 19(l) l-24. 

Majumdar, A. R, KodaU, U., and Jaszewski, R. (2004). Chemopreventive role of folic acid in colorectal cancer. Front Biosci 9, 2725-2732. 

AD) as well as the treatment of several cancers, including colon and pancreatic cancers (in combination with agents such as gemcitabine and celebrex), as a chemopreventive agent against colorectal cancer, and in the prevention of oral mucositis in children receiving chemotherapy (http //www.clinicaltrials.gov). 

Hawk, E., Lubet, R., and Limburg, P., Chemoprevention in hereditary colorectal cancer... 

Suleiman, S., Rex, D.K., and Sonnenberg, A., Chemoprevention of colorectal cancer by aspirin a cost-effectiveness analysis. Gastroenterology, 122, 78-84, 2002. 

Araujo, J. R. Goncalves, P. Martel, F., Chemopreventive effect of dietary polyphenols in colorectal cancer cell lines. Nutrition Research (2011) 31, 77-87. 

Tanaka, T. (2012) Preclinical cancer chemoprevention studies using animal model of inflammation-associated colorectal carcinogenesis. Cancers 4, 673-700. 

---