Colorado, elements

He is a recognized expert in solid state and materials chemistry and environmental chemistry. He has active programs in solid state f-element chemistry and nanomaterials science. His current research interests include heavy metal detection and remediation in aqueous environments, ferroelectric nanomaterials, actinide and rare-earth metal sohd slate chemistry, and nuclear non-proliferation. He currently maintains a collaboration in nuclear materials with Los Alamos National Laboratory and a collaboration in peaceful materials science development with the Russian Federal Nuclear Center - VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia, U.S. State Department projects. He has published over 100 peer-reviewed journal articles, book chapters, and reviews, while presenting over 130 international and national invited lectures on his area of chemistry. Dr. Dorhout currently serves as Vice Provost for Graduate Studies and Assistant Vice President for research. He has also served as the Interim Executive Director for the Office of International Programs and as Associate Dean for Research and Graduate Education for the College of Natural Sciences at Colorado State University. 

Radium is the 85th most abundant element found in the Earths crust. Radium is found in the uranium ores pitchblende and chalcolite, which are both very radioactive. Radium metal exists to the extent of only one part to every three million parts of the uranium ore (pitchblende). Only about one gram of radium is found in every seven or eight tons of uranium ore. This scarcity seems to be the reason that only about five pounds of uranium are produced each year in the entire world. Uranium ores are found in the states of Utah, New Mexico, and Colorado in the United States and in Canada, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Russia, Zaire, and France. 

Molybdenum is the 54th most abundant element on Earth. It is relatively rare and is found in just 126 ppm in the Earth s crust. Its major ore is molybdenite (MoS ), which is mined in Colorado in the United States and is found too in Canada, Chile, China, England, Norway, Sweden, Mexico, and Australia. Moldybdenum is also found in two less important ores wul-fenite (PbMoO ) and powellite ([Ca(MoW)0 ]. These ores are usually found in the same sites along with tin and tungsten ores. 

Lead is the 35th most abundant element on Earth. Although it has been found in its free elemental metal state, it is usually obtained from a combination of the following ores galena (PbS), anglesite (PbSO ), cerussite (PbCOj), and minum (Pb O ). Lead ores are located in Europe (Germany, Rumania, and France), Africa, Australia, Mexico, Peru, Bolivia, and Canada. The largest deposits of lead in the United States are in the states of Missouri, Kansas, Oklahoma, Colorado, and Montana. 

Curtin, G.C., King, H.D., Mosier, E.L 1974. Movement of elements into the atmosphere from coniferous trees in subalpine forests of Colorado and Idaho. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 3, 245-263. 

Zhao Ewing (2000) examined altered uraninite from the Colorado Plateau with quantitative electron microprobe analysis in order to determine the fate of trace elements, including Pb, Ca, Si, Th, Zr, and REE, during corrosion under oxidizing conditions. The alteration phases identified included schoepite, calciouranoite, uranophane, fourmarierite, a Fe-rich U phase, and coffinite. The primary uraninites and alteration phases generally had low trace element contents. The electron microprobe analyses indicated that the trace elements preferentially entered the secondary U phases. Alteration caused the loss of U, Pb, and Zr, and incorporation of Si, Ti, Ca, and P into U phases. 

Saether, O. M., Runnells, D. D. Meglen, R. R. 1984. Trace and minor elements in Green River Oil Shale (Colorado, USA), concentrated by differential density centrifugation. Chemical Geology, 47, 1-14. 

Very little data have been reported on the analysis of elements in whole coal and mine dusts in particular. Kessler, Sharkey, and Friedel analyzed trace elements in coal from mines in 10 coal seams located in Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Virginia, Colorado, and Utah (5). Sixty-four elements ranging in concentration from 0.01 to 41,000 ppm wt were determined. Several surveys published previously have provided data on the concentration of minor elements in ashes from coals rather than a direct determination on the whole coals or mine dusts. Previous investigations include studies by Headlee and Hunter (6), Nunn, Lovell, and Wright (7), Abernethy, Peterson, and Gibson (8), and others (9, 10, 11,12). 

Metallic gold has no known role in human health (except as artificial teeth), but its compounds are used to treat arthritis. It is a rare element in the crust of the Earth, and the hope of its discovery was the cause of the early growth of mining areas in Colorado, California, and Alaska. 

Apodaca, L.E., Driver, N.E. and Bails, J.B. (2000) Occurrence, transport, and fate of trace elements, blue river basin, Summit County, Colorado an integrated approach. Environmental Geology, 39(8), 901-13. 

Deacon, J.R. and Driver, N.E. (1999) Distribution of trace elements in streambed sediment associated with mining activities in the Upper Colorado River Basin, Colorado, USA, 1995-96. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 37(1), 7-18. 

Taylor, H.E., Antweiler, R.C., Roth, D.A. et al. (2001) The occurrence and distribution of selected trace elements in the Upper Rio Grande and tributaries in Colorado and northern New Mexico. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 41, 410-26. 

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