Rosin Colophony

Kolophonium, n. colophony, rosin, -ester, m. rosin ester, ester gum. -lack, m. rosin varnish, -seife,/. rosin soap. 

Oxidized Rosin (Residee in Fr). An expl material, prepd by E. Steele of Engl by treating a mixt of 90 parts of colophony (rosin) and lOp of starch with 67% nitric acid (42° Be). After washing,... 

Sadhra, S., Foulds, I.S., and Gray, C.N., Oxidation of resin acids in colophony (rosin) and its implications for patch testing. Contact Dermatitis, 39, 58, 1998. 

Colophony—Common Rosin.—This is the residue remaining on the distillation of common turpentine it retains more or less water, and is known as white and yellow resin, being in this state translucent, and often slightly viscid. When deprived of water by fusion, it is termed brown or black resin, colophony, rosin, or fiddler s rosin. 

BURGE, P.S. (1982a) Occupational asthma due to soft soldering fluxes containing colophony (rosin, pine resin). European Journal of Respiratory Disease, 63, 65-67. 

Isolated from American colophony, (rosin). Plates. M.p. 170-4°. [a]n — 102° in EtOH. Sol. MeOH, EtOH, Et,0, AcOH, Me CO, CHClj, CfHg. Insol. HgO. Forms additive compound with maleic anhydride. Dehydrogenation with selenium —>> retene. Absorption maximum at 237-5 mu. 

Resin acids, resinic adds hydroaromatic diter-penes, the acid components of resins. Colophony (rosin) consists of up to 90% R.a. The most important representatives are abietic acid, neoabietic acid, dex-tro-pimaric acid and neopimaric acid. Salts and esters of the R. are called resinates. The alkali salts are also called resin soaps. 

Colophony (rosin) is a resin obtained from different species of coniferous trees. There are three types of colophony, depending on the method of recovery gum rosin, wood rosin and tail-oil rosin. Gum rosin is obtained from various species of living pine trees. The trees are tapped for oleoresin, which is then distilled to obtain turpentine as the distillate and gum rosin as the distillation residue. Wood rosin is produced from old pine stumps. Tail-oil rosin is obtained as a by-product in the sulphate pulping of coniferous wood. The supply of pine stumps for the production of wood rosin is decreasing and, today, the major types produced are gum rosin and tail-oil rosin. In technical literature, the term colophony corresponds to gum rosin. In dermatological literature, tail-oil rosin and wood rosin are also included in the term colophony , since the resins contain the same major chemical components and allergens and are used in various technical products, regardless of the source. In American literature, the term rosin is more frequently used. 

Karlberg A-T, Liden C (1985) Clinical experience and patch testing using colophony (rosin) from different sources. Br J Dermatol 113 475-481... 

Karlberg A-T, Liden C (1988) Comparison of colophony patch test preparations. Contact Dermatitis 18 158-165 Karlberg A-T, Liden C (1992) Colophony (rosin) in newspapers may contribute to hand eczema. Br J Dermatol 126 161-165... 

Guin JD 1995) Colophony (rosin) In Guin JD (ed) Practical contact dermatitis. McGraw-HiU Inc, New York, pp 115-124 Hausen BM, Kulenkamp D (1998) Allergische Kontaktdermatitis auf einem Hydrokolloidverband bei Kolophoniumallergikern. Aktuel Dermatol 24 174-177... 

Colophony (rosin, pine rosin, wood rosin) is obtained from various species of pine tree. It has a complex chemical composition, of which about 90% is resin acids and the rest is corresponding esters, aldehydes and alcohols. Two main types of acids occur abietic acid with conjugated double bonds and pimaric acid with non-conjugated double bonds. Colophony is not used alone as a drying resin but is used to modify other resins, such as alkyds. Colophony is an important contact sensitizer, but the esterification of organic acids in colophony with alcohol groups in alkyd resins reduces its allergenicity. Rosin esters can be used in paints and varnishes (Mathias 1984 Fischer and Adams 1990 Sadhra et al. 1994). See the chapter on colophony in this book. 

Colophony (rosin) may be present as an emulsifier (Tall oil) in some oils and may cause sensitisation (Matos et al. 1988). Sensitisation occurred in 9.6% of males compared with 5.7% of controls (P = 0.046) (Grattan et al. 1989). It may also be found as soap water in some oils (Fregert 1979). Non-occupational causes of colophony exposure may also contribute to the onset of dermatitis, as it is not unusual for individuals to wrap fissured fingers with colophony-containing plasters. 

Pine and Spruce are the common names used for hundreds of species of conifers belonging to the genus Pinus and Piceay members of the Pinaceae family. Principally, most of these timbers are found in the northern hemisphere. Pine and Spruce species are the source of wood balsam which, after separation of the volatile part (turpentine), yields rosin (colophony). Rosin consists of 90% resin acids an 10% neutral components. 

Natural resin Colophony (rosin) elicit skin symptoms 20% in pet. and essential oils sensitivity Derived from pine. 

Colophony (Rosin), 20% pet (coating on nails, pine dust, cement, varnishes, paint driers) (see Chap. 64) Paratertiarybutyl-phenol-formaldehyde resin, 1% pet (adhesives)... 

Nickel sulfate - causes relapses Thiuram-mix - rubber, causes relapses Mercapto-mix - rubber, causes relapses Colophony (rosin) - paper handling, causes relapses For differential diagnosis ... 

Karlberg A-T, Liden C (1992) Colophony (rosin) in newspapers may contribute to hand eczema. Br J Dermatol 126 161-165 Karlberg A-T, Gaftert E, Liden C (1995) Environmentally friendly paper may increase risk of hand eczema in rosin-sensitive persons. J Am Acad Dermatol 33 427-432 Karlberg A-T, Gafvert E, Meding B, et al. (1996) Airborne contact dermatitis from unexpected exposure to rosin (colophony). Rosin sources revealed with chemical analyses. Contact Dermatitis 35 272-278... 

EEA— The Association of the Electronics, Telecormnnnications and Bnsiness Eqnipment Indnstries, Guidelines on the Use of Colophony (Rosin) Solder Fluxes in the Electronics Industry, EEA, Leichester Honse, 8 Leicester St, London WC2H 7BN (1991)... 

Spaltblende micros coUimating sht KolMmator collimator Kollodium collodion Kollodiumwolle coUodion cotton Kolloid colloid kolloidal colloidal Kolonne/Tumri (Bioreaktor) column Kolophonium colophony, rosin Kombinationsentropie (Konfigurationsentropie) combinatorial entropy Kombizange combination pliers, linesman pliers ... 

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