Colloidal nanolithography

Colloidal nanolithography, deep silicon etching and nanomolding are the techniques used to achieve fibrillar polymer sfructures which mimic the gecko foot hairs these nanofibrils are densely packed, perpendicular and strongly adhesive to a synthetic surface, and due to these characteristics are promising materials for integration in flexible membranes and exploitation of new adhesives [169]. 

Vossen DLJ, Fific D, Penninkhof J, van Dillen T, Polman A, van Blaaderen A (2005) Combined optical tweezers/ion beam technique to tune colloidal masks for nanolithography. Nano Lett... 

Particularly in 2D systems, control over the self-assembly of colloidal templates has offered a versatile way to produce patterned surfaces or arrays with a precision of few nanometres. Diblock copolymer micellar nanolithography (dBCML) is a versatile method that uses homopolymers or block copolymers for the production of complex surface structures with nanosized features [69], In contrast to other approaches like electron-beam lithography (EBL) and photolithography, dBCML does not require extensive equipment. In fact, it is commonly used in the fabrication of data storage devices and photonic crystals, in catalyses [70], and for the design of mesoporous films and nanoparticle arrays [71]. 

Most of the time, metal/dielectric nanocomposites are studied in the form of solutions or thin solid films on a substrate Colloids, doped and annealed glasses, sol-gels, surfactant-stabilized nanoparticles, micelles, two- or three-dimension self-assembled nanocomposites, self-organized mesoporous oxides filled with metals, electrochemically-loaded template membranes, metal-ion implanted crystals, nanocomposite films elaborated by laser ablation, cluster-beam deposition, radio-frequency sputtering, or nanolithography. 

Kolivoska, V., Gal, M., Hromadova, M., Lachmanova, S., Tarabkova, H., Janda, P., Pospisil, L., Turonovd, A.M. Bovine serum albumin film as a template for controlled nanopancake and nanobubble formation In situ atomic force microscopy and nanolithography study. Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces 94, 213-219 (2012)... 

As seen in Figure 4.22, the immersion force can be significant between particles whose radii are larger than few nanometers. It has been found to promote the growth of 2D crystals from colloid particles [294-297], viruses, and globular proteins [298-304]. Such 2D crystals have found various applications in nanolithography [305], microcontact printing [306], as nanostructured materials in photo-electrochemical cells [307], in photocatalytic films [308], photo- and electroluminescent semiconductor materials [309], as samples for electron microscopy of proteins and viruses [310], as immunosensors [311], etc. (for reviews see Refs. [37,312]). 

Non-Colloidal Nanocatalysts Fabricated with Nanolithography and Arc Plasma Deposition... 

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