Collective bargaining

Fred Tauber I think the physician is becoming increasingly a patient advocate. One has to be radical and oppose those forces. There are beginning to be movements in the United States of physician collective bargaining, not only for increased personal wealth, but in terms of how care is administered, and one of the primary issues is to devote more time to each patient. It s... 

As far as the legal basis for such identification, it seems to me that professional employees are defined as such in both the National Labor Relations Act with respect to their right to set up exclusive collective bargaining electorates and in the Wages and Hours Act where they are classified as exempt employees. 

The foregoing deals with the relations between an individual chemist and his employer. The problems exist for the most part because of the vast difference in bargaining power possessed by the two parties. An employee union changes the situation markedly, in part because of legal restrictions placed upon the employer both by the collective bargaining agreement and by applicable labor laws. 

Quality assurance specialist Purchasing or stores Construction department Contractor participant Collective bargaining unit participant Civil or structural engineer Human Resources representative... 

Under certain circumstances, the team may also include manufacturers representatives, technical service personnel, or representatives of collective bargaining groups. They may add valuable perspectives and credibility to the team. 

A collectively bargained contract between the grower and the workers will ensure safe and just conditions for the workers. However, consumer support, commitment, and demand is key We need to demonstrate to retailers and growers that consumers, like you, will buy apples - that mean fairness to growers and farm workers We believe that a significant number of consumers care about what you eat, how it is produced, and whether those who produce and harvest your food can sustain themselves. Show Washington State farm workers that you care ... 

The last few years has seen a significant growth in the use of fixed term and personal contracts, where the reward is not governed by collective bargaining [A-4]. There are many reasons for a company wishing to use fixed term contracts and a few in R D are given below. 

On the other hand there can be no doubt that imperfections of competition are massively important in actual capitalist economies, and that the Marxist theory of exploitation ultimately will have to consider the implications of this fact. 1 shall not here pursue the issue, but indicate where some further discussions are found. In 4.1.4 I consider collective bargaining as a determinant of the rate of exploitation. In particular, I discuss a passage from Capital III that has been adduced as evidence that Marx believed the wage bargain to rest on bilateral monopoly. In 4.3.3 I propose a distinction between force and coercion in the labour market, the latter involving the exercise of (economic) power. And in 6.2.1 I discuss how capitalist divide-and-conquer tactics may also affect the rate of exploitation. 

This can be read as a statement about collective bargaining, or about... 

Pen, A. The Wage Rate under Collective Bargaining. Cambridge, Mass. Harvard Univer ty Press 1959-... 

The ILO formulates international labor standards in the form of Conventions and Recommendations setting minimum standards of basic labor rights, that is, freedom of association, the right to organize, collective bargaining, abolition of forced labor, equality of opportunity and treatment, and other... 

In collective bargaining, the use of self-serving conceptions of fairness is very common. The choice of a reference group compared to which one s wages can be argued to be unfairly low, for instance, is... 

Streeck W (2001) High Equality, Low Activity The Contribution of the Social Welfare System to the Stability of the German Collective Bargaining Regime. Review Symposium on Harry C. Katz and Owen Darbishire, Converging Divergences Worldwide Changes in Employment Systems. Industrial and Labour Relations Review 54 (3) 698-706... 

In private or public job training the individual receives the minimum wage fixed by collective bargaining and the employer receives a wage subsidy. The minimum period of being employed by the same private employer is 6 months. 

JCP is at the forefront of the modernisation of the British public sector. In 2002 JCP inherited a network of 1,500 offices and 90,000 ES and BA staff, who were primarily civil servants but with separate collective bargaining structures, agreements and appraisal systems. Staff numbers are planned to fall to just under 69,000 by 2008, a reduction of over 20%, at which point JCP will comprise 850 front line offices, 25 contact call centres and 77 Benefit Delivery Centres. Staff... 

Other union leaders, however, feel that philosophical differences prevent their active participation in job evaluation (Bums 1978). They take the position that collective bargaining yields more equitable results than does job evaluation. In other cases, jobs are jointly evaluated by union and management representatives, and disagreements are submitted to an arbitrator. 

A second theory simply proposes that unions act instrumentally as utility maximizers for the entire bargaining unit their goal is to maximize either utility per worker or the total utility of the workforce, depending on how they approach it. In either case the result would be nearly identical to the median voter rule, at least as far as the tradeoff between safety and wages is concerned, since it approximates what most workers want. Again collective bargaining works. ... 

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