Collagen-glycosaminoglycan scaffold

Lee, C. R., Grodzinsky, A. J., and Pector, M. (2001). The effects of cross-linking of collagen-glycosaminoglycan scaffolds on compressive stiffness, chondrocyte-mediated contraction, proliferation and biosynthesis. Biomaterials 22,3145-3154. 

Alsop AT, et al. Photopatteming of vascular endothelial growth factor within collagen-glycosaminoglycan scaffolds can induce a spatially confined response in human umbilical vein endothehal cells. Acta Biomater 2014 10(11) 4715—22. 

Haugh MG, Murphy CM, O Brien FJ. Novel freeze-drying methods to produce a range of collagen-glycosaminoglycan scaffolds with tailored mean pore sizes. Tissue Eng Part C-Me 2010 16 887-94. 

Pietrucha, K. and Marzec, E. (2005). Dielectric properties of the collagen-glycosaminoglycans scaffolds in the temperature range of thermal decomposition. Biophysical Chemistry 118, 51—56. 

Murphy, C.M., Haugh, M.G., O Brien, F.J., 2010. The effect of mean pore size on cell attachment, proliferation and migration in collagen-glycosaminoglycan scaffolds for bone tissne... 

Veilleux, N. and Spector, M. 2005. Effects of FGF-2 and IGF-1 on adult canine articular chondrocytes in Type 11 collagen-glycosaminoglycan scaffolds in vitro. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 13,278-286. 

Daamen WF et al (2003) Preparation and evaluation of molecularly-defined collagen-elastin-glycosaminoglycan scaffolds for tissue engineering. Biomaterials 24(22) 4001-4009... 

Zhong S, Teo WE, Zhu X, Beuerman R, Ramakrishna S, Yung LYL. Formation of collagen-glycosaminoglycan blended nanofibrous scaffolds and their biological properties. Biomacromolecules 2005 6 2998-3004. 

We have used the collagen-glycosaminoglycan (collagen-GAG) mesh scaffold to probe molecular level cell-biomaterials interactions [11]. We seeded lMR-90 human fibroblasts onto three-dimensional (3-D) collagen-GAG meshes and control surfaces of tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS). Nucleic acids (mRNA) from cells from each culture were isolated, amplified, and hybridized to human genome microarrays (U133A Gene Chip, Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA). 

Daamen, W.F., van Moerkerk, H.T.B., Hafmans, T., Buttafoco, L., Poot, A.A., and Veerkamp, J.H. (2003) Preparation and evaluation of molecularly defined collagen-dastin-glycosaminoglycan scaffolds for tissue engineering. Biomaterials, 24, 4001-4009. 

Lee JE, Kim KE, Kwon IC et al (2004) Effects of the controlled-released TGF-beta 1 from chitosan microspheres on chondrocytes cultured in a collagen/chitosan/glycosaminoglycan scaffold. Biomaterials 25 4163-4173... 

Scaffolds can be made from natural or synthetic materials. Such materials fall under the category of biomaterials. A biomaterial can be considered a single element or compound, which is a composite or mixture of elements, and is synthesized or derived to be used in the body to preserve, restore, or augment the structure or function of the body. Examples of natural materials for scaffold construction are extracellular matrix, collagen, fibrin, and polysaccharides (e.g., chitosan or glycosaminoglycans). Natural materials, unless they are obtained from the patient who receives the neo-organ implant, will cause an immunogenic response. This is not always the case with synthetic materials. 

Wu and co-workers [13] incorporated copolymer poly(3HB-co-3HV) with calcium silicate(s) (CS) to increase the hydrophilicity of the copolymer in order to enhance cell adhesion on scaffolds used for cartilage tissue engineering. Interactions between poly(3HB-co-3HV)/CS composite scaffolds and chondrocytes in vitro and the formation of neocartilage were evaluated after the implantation of scaffolds into rabbits. It was found that the adhesion of chondrocytes onto the scaffolds and cell proliferation improved with the addition of CS. Enhanced penetration of chondrocytes into the scaffolds was observed with the increase in hydrophilicity of the poly(3HB-co-3HV)/CS composite scaffolds. A higher amount of collagen and glycosaminoglycan were detected in the composite scaffold compared with pure poly(3HB-co-3HV), indicating that poly(3HB-co-3HV)/CS composite scaffolds stimulated the extracellular matrix synthesis of chondrocytes. 

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