Extracellular matrix synthesis

Bachem, M.G., Wendelin, D., Schneiderhan, W., Haug, C., Zom, U., Gross, H.J., Schmid-Kotsas, A., and Gmnert, A., 1999, Depending on their concentration oxidized low density lipoproteins stimulate extracellular matrix synthesis or induce apoptosis in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells, Clin Chem Lab Med. 37 319-326. 

Three distinct periods of osteoblast differentiation at the genetic level have been identified during in vitro examination of developing osteoblasts after initial adhesion to a surface (1) cell proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis, (2) extracellular matrix development and maturation, and (3) extracellular matrix mineralization (Stein and Lian, 1993). A schematic of the time course of osteoblast function and synthesis of extracellular matrix proteins on a newly implanted biomaterial is shown in Fig. 6. 

Chiquet M, Matthison M, Koch M, Tannheimer M, Chiquet-Ehrismann R. Regulation of extracellular matrix synthesis by mechanical stress. Biochem Cell Biol. 1996 74 737-744. 

Smith RL, Rusk SF, Ellison BE, Wessells P, Tsuchiya K, Carter DR, Caler WE, Sandell LJ, Schurman DJ. In vitro stimulation of articular chondrocyte mRNA and extracellular matrix synthesis by hydrostatic pressure. J Orthop Res. 1996 14 53-60. 

A dose-related hemodynamic mechanism is likely dnring the initial months of therapy since renal fnnction improves rapidly following dose rednction. Reversible vasoconstriction and injnry to glomerular afferent arterioles occurs, possibly due to increased activity of vasoconstrictors, including thromboxane A2, endothelin, and the sympathetic nervous system, or diminished activity of vasodilators, nitric oxide, or prostacyclin. Vasoconstriction due to increased renin-angiotensin system activity may also contribute. In contrast renal arteriolar hyaflnization and chronic renal ischemia as well as increased extracellular matrix synthesis appear to contribute to cyclosporine-induced chronic kidney disease. ... 

Wu and co-workers [13] incorporated copolymer poly(3HB-co-3HV) with calcium silicate(s) (CS) to increase the hydrophilicity of the copolymer in order to enhance cell adhesion on scaffolds used for cartilage tissue engineering. Interactions between poly(3HB-co-3HV)/CS composite scaffolds and chondrocytes in vitro and the formation of neocartilage were evaluated after the implantation of scaffolds into rabbits. It was found that the adhesion of chondrocytes onto the scaffolds and cell proliferation improved with the addition of CS. Enhanced penetration of chondrocytes into the scaffolds was observed with the increase in hydrophilicity of the poly(3HB-co-3HV)/CS composite scaffolds. A higher amount of collagen and glycosaminoglycan were detected in the composite scaffold compared with pure poly(3HB-co-3HV), indicating that poly(3HB-co-3HV)/CS composite scaffolds stimulated the extracellular matrix synthesis of chondrocytes. 

Howard, P. S., U. Kucich, R. Taliwal, and J. M. Korostoff. 1998. Mechanical forces alter extracellular matrix synthesis by human periodontal ligament fibroblasts. Journal of Periodontal Research 33(8) 500-508. 

Ozaki, S., S. Kaneko, K. A. Podyma-Inoue, M. Yanagishita, and K. Soma. 2005. Modulation of extracellular matrix synthesis and alkaline phosphatase activity of periodontal ligament cells by mechanical stress. Journal of Periodontal Research 40(2) 110-117. 

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