Collaboration case example

In other cases, there is no strong need to construct a business model before you get on with a component spec, particularly if the software focuses on only one aspect of a very general business. Sometimes it is useful to create the static part of the business model, without any collaborations. For example, before designing a word processor, you first define what a document is. This is the business world in this case—the subject matter with which the software will deal but modeled separately from any concerns of what the software will do with it. This approach is particularly useful when there are standards of interchange between components Web pages, RTF files, floppy disks, and TV pictures all have standard models of the objects without designing the equipment that handles them. 

When a therapist is evaluating a patient who demonstrates intermittent loss of impulse control, it is important to look for the sequence of events that kindled the condition. Sometimes, one discovers an obsessional antecedent to the loss of control, and this may respond very well to antiobsessional medication. The woman in the example that follows could have had an intermittent explosive disorder, a personality disorder, or other diagnoses but given her poverty and lack of health care insurance or access, she would probably have received no treatment. Had she been wealthy, she might have received psychotherapy, which may have helped, given time. However, medication management did result in prompt remission of her symptoms, and it may have saved her life and that of her son. In some cases, medication consultation for a patient with one of the impulse control disorders can be a life-saving collaboration between therapist and physician (see case example below). 

Soil organic matter is a case where good quantitation methods have been developed for CP/MAS experiments. Comprehensive reviews of the state of the art regarding this subject were given by Preston [27] and by Conte et al. [55]. Usually these materials show reasonable H/C atomic ratios (in many cases >1), which is a positive indication for the success of CP process. The group of Smemik and collaborators, for example, showed in a detailed way how the analysis of the H- C... 

Case example Collaborative forecasting in Dower projects... 

The third approach is also known as a collaborative study or a collaborative trial. Both names underpin the joint effort of the coordinator and participants to characterize the reference material. In any case, the measurement methods used in the characterization should be traceable to what is called stated references , and preferably to SI. The aspect of traceability of measurement results goes well beyond the actual measurements it also includes the transformation of the sample from the state of the reference material to the state in which it can be measured. An example of such a transformation is the destruction of the sample. 

Let us now turn to simpler systems in which there are two, not three, structural alternatives for the potential product. Buchta and his collaborators published many papers on the preparation of spiro-compounds 4). His work stemmed primarily from his greater interest in these 4) rather than in the propellane by-products obtained in certain cases 4d >. The case was reversed for our group. Propellanes were paramount but sometimes spiro-compounds were obtained 5 K First we shall discuss a number of carbocyclic examples. 

Section 4.1 provides an overview of the design of object collaborations. Section 4.2 begins with examples of object interactions to show that many variations in interaction protocols achieve the same net effect and so motivate the need for abstract actions. Section 4.3 introduces use cases and relates them to actions and refinement. Section 4.4 explains how actions and effects are related to abstract actions. Section 4.5 describes concurrency between actions and explains how to specify these constraints. 

One class of object often plans several distinct roles. Good documentation is structured to describe these roles separately as collaborations, and then shows how they are synthesized in one class. For this purpose in Catalysis, we use the join relationship between the roles. Different tools support different ways of doing this. For example, in Rational Rose, roles are shown as actor symbols that take part in collaborations (use cases) a class can be shown as implementing several roles (see Figure 5.12). (The join stereotype shows that this is not pure subtyping.)... 

In the second case, the imported model contains partial definitions the extenders add the missing pieces in different ways. For example, you might have two slightly different networking requirements one for small offices and a second one for large offices. They could perhaps contain different collaboration or type definitions at a detailed level but be based on a common underlying abstract model. 

Much of the notation is useful throughout different stages of the process. For example, we use the same tools to describe the interactions between people and a machine we propose to build, to describe the interactions between objects collaborating inside the machine once designed, and to describe business tasks and processes. For this reason, many of the notational tools are introduced early in the case study and are then reapplied in each phase. 

For any as-is element, ask, Why is it so Abstract the collaborations to single use cases. Abstract groups to single objects (for example, individual person roles to departments). Specify abstract use cases with postconditions rather than sequences. 

More recent examples of biomimetic synthesis are the syntheses of thebaine [11] and usnic acid [12], as well as strychnine [13], morphine alkaloids [11] [14] and a great number of terpenic compounds [15]. On the other hand, hypothetic prebiotic considerations may also simplify tremendously the synthetic plans. Such is the case, for example, of the work of Eschenmoser on vitamin B12 who, after synthesising it in collaboration with Woodward by a linear sequence of almost fifty steps [16], investigated the prebiotic origen of this complex molecule. The experimental work undertaken in this direction demonstrates that the amount of "external instruction" required for "self-assembling" the different structural elements present in this molecule is surprisingly small. This fact could eventually lead to a very simple synthesis of vitamin Bj2 starting from a-amino nitriles which would involve only a few steps [17]. 

From their kinetic results Bishop and collaborators >8) calculated the velocity constants of the furanoside anomerisations of their seven aldoses (Table 1), and rationalised them in terms of ring conformations and group interactions. Thus, for example, in the extreme cases methyl a-D-arabinofuranoside (4), having the fewest non-bonded steric interactions, is the most stable pentofuranoside, while methyl p-o-lyxofurano-side (5), having the least stable ring, reacts most rapidly. 

It is very instructive to work out in detail the flucmations of a bead trapped in a moving potential. This case is of great interest for at least two reasons. First, it provides a simple example of both a NETS and a NESS that can be analytically solved in detail. Second, it can be experimentally realized by trapping micronsized beads using optical tweezers. The first experiments studying nonequilibrium fluctuations in a bead in a trap were carried out by Evans and collaborators [57] and later on extended in a series of works [58, 59]. Mazonka and Jarzynski [60] and later Van Zon and Cohen [61-63] have carried out... 

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