Cognition acute

In summary, antipsychotic drugs have a significant impact on the acute resolution and the maintenance of remission of symptoms of schizophrenia, enabling focus on rehabilitation efforts directed at residual cognitive, social, and occupational disabilities. The... 

Although the evidence base for this relatively rare disorder is not well developed, patients who are dependent on GHB appear to benefit from cognitive and motivational psychosocial therapies and from support of recovery in a manner similar to alcohol-dependent patients. However, because of the high likelihood of amnesia and cognitive dysfunction during the acute and subacute phases of GHB withdrawal, psychosocial interventions should, when possible, include significant others who can review and reinforce with the patient the negative consequences of GHB dependence. 

Acute clinical signs of neurotoxicity, manifested by hyperexcitability, dyspnea, decreased respiration, tremors, and convulsions, were identified in the available literature as effects caused by high doses of endosulfan. Exposure to high levels of endosulfan in humans may possibly be associated with permanent brain damage as manifested by cognitive and emotional deterioration, memory impairment, and... 

Abbott has also demonstrated in vivo efficacy with two piperazine amides, A-304121 (26) and A-317920 (27). Both (26) and (27) bind to the rat H3 receptor with high affinity (pA) = 9.15 and 8.6, respectively) [92] and are active in several in vivo models, including the acute dipsogenia model and models of cognitive performance and inhibitory avoidance [93]. Unfortunately, these compounds showed markedly reduced affinity for the human H3 receptor, reinforcing the need to screen against the human receptor. 

Benzodiazepines are used commonly in SAD however, there are limited data supporting their use. Clonazepam has been effective for social anxiety, fear, and phobic avoidance, and it reduced social and work disability during acute treatment.58 Long-term treatment is not desirable for many SAD patients owing to the risk of withdrawal and difficulty with discontinuation, cognitive side effects, and lack of effect on depressive symptoms. Benzodiazepines may be useful for acute relief of physiologic symptoms of anxiety when used concomitantly with antidepressants or psychotherapy. Benzodiazepines are contraindicated in SAD patients with alcohol or substance abuse or history of such. 

Schneider JS, Tobe EH, Mozley Jr. PD, et al. 1998. Persistent cognitive and motor deficits following acute hydrogen sulphide poisoning. Occup Med 48 255-260. 

In studies of acute effects on humans caused by exposure to Pb, nephrotoxic effects as well as gastrointestinal effects have been observed [40], Encephalopathy can affect both children and adults. Acute encephalopathy has been shown to increase the incidence of neurological and cognitive impairments. 

MDMA (Ecstasy) No clinical uses, although it has been used for psychotherapy recreational use widespread acute hyperthermic problems midweek depression during neurochemical depletion long-term problems include neurotoxicity, memory/cognitive deficits and a range of psychiatric problems. 

Hart CL, van Gorp W, Haney M, Foltin RW and Fischman MW (2001). Effects of acute smoked marijuana on complex cognitive performance. Neuropsychopharmacology, 25, 757-765. 

Kennedy DO, Scholey AB and Wesnes KA (2000). The dose dependent cognitive effects of acute administration of Ginkgo biloba to healthy young volunteers. Psychopharmacology, 151, 416 123. 

Kennedy DO, Scholey AB, Tildesley NTJ, Perry EK and Wesnes KA (2002b) Modulation of mood and cognitive performance following acute administration of single doses of Melissa officinalis (lemon balm). Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior, 72, 953-964. 

Scholey AB and Kennedy DO (2002). Acute, dose-dependent cognitive effects of Ginkgo biloba, Panax Ginseng and their combination in healthy young volunteers Differential interactions with cognitive demand. Human Psychopharmacology - Clinical and Experimental, 17, 35-44. 

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