Coatings technically applied

Raney nickel coatings, 40 113-119 technically applied coatings, 40 112 technoeconomical significance, 40 111-112... 

Aluminide diffusion coating is applied by the classical pack cementation process. This technique has been used since the last century [255-258], even though its industrial and technical applications are more recent [259,260]. It... 

For both economic and technical reasons, the most effective way to impart color to a ceramic product is to apply a ceramic coating that contains the colorant. The most common coatings, gla2es and porcelain enamels, are vitreous in nature. Hence, most appHcations for ceramic colorants involve the coloring of a vitreous material. 

Cathodic protection using sacrificial anodes or applied current can retard or eliminate tuberculation. However, costs can be high and technical installation can be very difficult. Costs are markedly reduced if surfaces are coated (see Material substitution below). 

The anodic behaviour of platinum and certain of its alloys is of considerable technical importance, since they can be employed under a wide range of conditions without appreciable corrosion, and often in circumstances where no other metal can be used. Their use industrially has recently been extended by applying them as thin coatings to a substrate of a passive metal such as tantalum or, more commonly nowadays, titanium, to reduce the cost. Platinised titanium anodes are discussed in detail in Section 11.3. 

Radiometric Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Chromic Acid Rinse Treatment for Phosphated Work , US Department of Commerce, Office of Technical Services, Rep. No. PB 111,397 (1952) A Study of the Effect of Chromic Acid and Chromic-phosphoric Acid Rinse Solutions upon the Subsequently Applied Paint Coatings , US Dept, of Commerce, Office of Technical Services, Rep. No. PB III, 578 (1954)... 

Routine Application of Complex Theories. Technical people in the coatings and many other industries tend to shy away from theoretical approaches in their work. There are many legitimate and practical reasons for this, such as complexity of real systems, lack of comprehensive theories, inability to understand theories and the mathematics involved, and time consuming to apply theories. In many cases, it is easier, quicker and more reliable to use the experimental approach. On the other hand, if pertinent theories are computerized and the computer programs contain the required physical properties data, it becomes risk free and easy, to apply theories. We have found that computerization of theories does encourage more people to use them, thus improving both productivity and quality of technical efforts. 

Lead About lead much literature is available due its technical application in the lead-acid-battery . Pure lead is very soft and has a poor mechanical stability. Therefore, often it is applied as a coating on a carrier or alloys are used, for example, with antimony ( type metal ). 

Silicone products dominate the pressure-sensitive adhesive release paper market, but other materials such as Quilon (E.I. du Pont de Nemours Co., Inc.), a Wemer-type chromium complex, stearato chromic chloride [12768-56-8], are also used. Various base papers are used, including polyethylene-coated kraft as well as polymer substrates such as polyethylene or polyester film. Silicone coatings that cross-link to form a film and also bond to the cellulose are used in various forms, such as solvent and solventless dispersions and emulsions. Technical requirements for the coated papers include good release, no contamination of the adhesive being protected, no blocking in rolls, good solvent holdout with respect to adhesives applied from solvent, and good thermal and dimensional stability (see Silicon compounds, silicones). 

There is also an increasing use of printing inks applied with or without a coating to the inner surfaces of packaging such that the ink touches the food directly. Some manufacturers do supply inks specially formulated for direct contact printing. However, given the technical requirements of printing inks it is difficult to see how all of the components used in an ink can be replaced with direct food additives. 

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