Co-ordinate words

A co-ordinate word specifies the target point of the tool movement (absolute dimension system -GOO), or the distance to be moved (incremental dimension system - G91), e.g. X95.5 is a move to, or distance moved of, 95.5 mm. 

A co-ordinate word to specify the tool move to position in absolute mode. 

The 3D inspection system has a number of measuring and report utilities that enables the user to easily find, analyse and report possible indications in the test object. As an example, a moveable 2D projection view plane can be moved along e.g, the welding geometry dynamically updating the content of the 2D projection view window. Indications can be measured using any referenee co-ordinate system and the results and screen dumps can automatically be dumped in report files suited for later import into a word processing application. 

The apparent difference between the curves for tension and compression is due solely to the geometry of testing. If, instead of plotting load, we plot load divided by the actual area of the specimen, A, at any particular elongation or compression, the two curves become much more like one another. In other words, we simply plot true stress (see Chapter 3) as our vertical co-ordinate (Fig. 8.7). This method of plotting allows for the thinning of the material when pulled in tension, or the fattening of the material when compressed. 

An inhibitor is a substance that retards a reaction. An inhibitor is also present in "catalytic" or sub-stoichiometric amounts. In a radical chain reaction an inhibitor may be a radical scavenger that interrupts the chain. In a metal catalysed reaction an inhibitor could be a substance that adsorbs onto the metal making it less active or blocking the site for substrate co-ordination. We also talk about a poison, a substance that stops the catalytic reaction. A poison may kill the catalyst. The catalyst dies, we say, after which it has to be regenerated wherever possible. We will often see the word co-catalyst, a substance that forms part of the catalyst itself or plays another role somewhere in the catalytic cycle. We inherited a florid language from our predecessors to whom catalysis was black magic. Naturally, these words are rather imprecise for a description of catalysis at the molecular level. 

In other words, the developing positive charges in the transition states are stabilised by such solvents.) Dipolar aprotic solvents, especially DMSO and DMF, dissolve mercuric halides very readily, and also co-ordinate strongly to the PhHg+ cation. Reutov and co-workers57 have determined the equilibrium constants for the reaction... 

The spectra of complexes with configurations other than dx and d9 are rather complicated and we cannot always obtain values of A directly. Racah has developed methods for the interpretation of the spectra of transition-metal ions in terms of A and a number of other parameters. This book is not concerned with the detailed origin and interpretation of these parameters suffice it to say that one of the parameters, B, is a measure of the electron repulsion terms in the valence shell of the metal ion. It is found that the value of B is a function of the ligands which surround the metal ion, and that it is always lower in a complex than in the free metal ion. In other words, co-ordination of a ligand to a metal ion results in a lowering of electron-electron interactions within the valence shell. Just as we... 

It has now emerged that these changes are due to the reversible addition of the nucleophile to the complex, but the site of addition in the products is at the metal. In other words, a five co-ordinate complex has been formed instead of the species in which the hydroxide is covalently attached to the pyridine ring (Fig. 8-23). It is, of course, impossible to distin-... 

The factor which may explain the aptitude of the high charge-density ions, such as Mg " and Li", for the super-equivalent adsorption at Ti02 is their ability to interact sufficiently strongly with the co-ordinating water molecule to weaken the O-H bonds. In other words, a cation of small radius, such as Li, is expected to polarize a water molecule... 

In this book we have preferred to call the extent of reaction or reaction co-ordinate, rather than employ the hteral translation degree of advancement of the reaction. Very recently a proposal has been madef to call I, in French, simply Vavancement and it has been suggested that the corresponding word might be employed in English. 

In a more rigorous graph-theoretical approach we should use the term n-co-ordinated instead of ra-connected, but we keep here the word connected to indicate what is clear to chemists for example, a metal could be 6-coordinated but give only a 3-connected net if three coordination sites are occupied by ligands that are not links of the network. 

The relation thus formulated is capable of immediate generalization. Consider in the first place, as an example with one degree of freedom, the case already treated above (p. 100), that of the rotator. Here the co-ordinate is the azimuth q== (f>y to which belongs, as canonically conjugated quantity, the angular momentum (or, in other words, the moment of momentum) p. In the free rotation p is constant, i.e. independent of the angle turned through. Thus... 

It will be realized from fig. 8.21 that if the X ions alone are considered the positions of these ions could be described in terms of a cubic subcell of volume only one-eighth that of the true cell, with the X ions at its corners and face centres. In other words, the structure is one in which the X ions are arranged as in cubic close packing, with the A and B ions in the tetrahedrally and octahedrally co-ordinated interstices, respectively. 

Joe was a natural ally of the editor in this process, and he insisted that every detail be checked. I well remember one occasion on which two of us sat with him and were arrested at a sentence that contained the word co-ordination . Joe thought that it should be written as coordination . We instantly agreed with him. 

It involves the addition of a covalent molecule to the metal with cleavage of a covalent bond and can be considered a two-electron oxidation of the metal. One of the necessary conditions for this reaction is that the metal complexes to be oxidized should be coordinatively unsaturated. With the transition metal complexes, a saturated coordination number is determined by the configuration of the metal (/-electrons (five-coordination for ds metals, and four-coordination for d ° metals. If the complexes with these dn have less than these coordination numbers, they are said to be coordinatively unsaturated, and oxidative addition reaction may occur. In other words, co-ordinative unsaturation means that there are vacant sites on the complexes. 

The rectangular co-ordinates of the system are thus periodic functions of the wk° s, as well as of the wka in other words, a periodicity parallelepiped in the wfc°-space will be transformed into another in the lo -space. Apart from an arbitrary integral linear transformation of the wk s among themselves with the determinant 1, we have, therefore,... 

One considers that both co-ordinate systems have the same origin or, in other words, that the position of a grain (defined by the translation vector between these origins) is irrelevant. 

A patient reader might ask why the parameter e exists in the time scaling in Equation (27.33) but not in the space scaling. In other words, the question is why the co-ordinate t has been defined as sT rather than t = T. It was already pointed out that the carrier components of the function (27.17) change faster than the envelope functions Ft. This means that the small parameter e is present only in the envelope components F, and this is why the scaling (27.19) was introduced. However, the definition (27.33) ensures that the time variation of the envelope function of (27.38), in units l/[Pg.788]

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