Clove buds extract

Guan, W., Li, S., Yan, R., Tang, S. and Quan, C. (2007) Comparison of essential oils of clove buds extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide and other three traditional extraction methods. Food Chemistry 101 (4), 1558-1564. 

D. Chatterjee, P. Bhattacharjee, A. Baneijee, Phytochemical analyses and food applications on clove bud extracts obtained by hquid and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction technologies, in Proceedings of 2012 International Conference on Engineering and Applied Science, ISSN 2227-0299, ISBN 978-986-87417-1-3 (Beijing, 2012), pp. 392 09... 

Clove bud extract. See Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) extract Clove bud oil. See Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil... 

Synonyms Clove bud extract Clove extract Eugenia caryophyllus Eugenia caryophyllus extract... 

Food. Cloves, clove bud oil, clove stem oil, clove leaf oil, and eugenol are widely used in flavoring many food products, with cloves and clove bud oil by far the most used. Clove bud extract and oleoresin are also used, though to a lesser scale. Major food products in which... 

A chemical substance or simple mixture of substances obtained from natural sources by distillation or extraction such as citral from lemongrass oil or eugenol from clove bud. 

Gopalakrishnan, N. (1994) Studies on the storage quality of C02-extracted cardamom and clove bud oils. journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 42, 796-798. 

Analysis of clove bud oil extracted with liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide showed significant qualitative and quantitative compositional differences compared to oil obtained by the conventional hydrodistillation process. The parameters such... 

Clove bud concrete is another important value-added product from buds, extracted using petroleum ether and benzene. It is olive to pale brown, having a sweet, rich spicy aroma similar to that of dried buds. 

Gopalakrishnan, N., Shanti, P.P.V and Narayanan, C.S. (1990) Composition of clove bud oil extracted using carbon dioxide. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 50, 111-11 7. 

Lee, K.G. and Shibamoto, T. (2001) Antioxidant property of aroma extract isolated from clove buds [Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. et Perry]. Food Chemistry 74(4), 443-448. 

Della Porta, G., Taddeo, R., D Urso, E. and Reverchon, E. (1 998) Isolation of clove bud and star anise essential oil by supercritical C02 extraction. Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft und Technologie 31, 454-460. 

Oakmoss is a sort of lichen that grows on oak trees, and its extract has an important role in fragrance design.101 Cinnamon oil is obtained from the bark of the cinnamon tree, although small-scale production of leaf oil is also known. Cassia oil is obtained from the bark, small branches, and leaves of the Cassia tree. Clove oil is prepared by steam distillation of clove buds, while clove leaf oil is made from leaves (Table 11). 

Recently a method has been described in the patent literature for the fractionation of essential oils using a fluorinated solvent.Oils studied included clove bud and bergamot, and fractionations could be performed in a semi-continuous mode. Fluorous solvents, as very non-polar media, offer an interesting alternative to the aqueous or alcoholic solvent approaches typically used in natural product extractions. However, it is unlikely that the technique will become widely used in this field. 

The first example is clove bud oil which is composed mainly of caryophylene, eugenol and eugenylacetate. For oil production clove buds were cold milled and one part of the powder was C02-extracted, the other part steam distilled. The yield was 14.8% in both cases. The oils were analysed by GC-FID and the composition of the... 

Some time ago it was claimed that caryophyllene (180) is not a naturally occurring sesquiterpene and that it was an artefact of the steam-distillation process used in the extraction of clove buds. However, careful room-temperature... 

D. Chatterjee, P. Bhattacharjee, Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of eugenol from clove buds Process optimization and packed bed characterization. Food Bioprocess Technol. 6, 2587-2599 (2013)... 

Clove bud oleoresin. See Oleoresin clove bud Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) extract CAS 84961-50-2 EINECS/ELINCS 284-638-7 FEMA 2322... 

Magnesium chloride hexahydrate Malt extract Oleoresin clove bud Potassium carbonate Potassium lactate... 

Reverchon, E., and C. Marrone. 1997. Supercritical Extraction of Clove Bud Essential Oil Isolation and Mathematical Modeling. Chemical engineering Science 52 (20) 3421-3428. 

Thymol (0.4 g L" ), the main component of EOs derived from Thymus and Origanum plants, a strong inhibitor of in vitro methane production (Evans and Martin 2000), caused a reduction in methane to the extent of 99% at 6 mM concentration (Macheboeuf et al. 2008). Anethole at 20 mg L of medium caused an inhibition of methane in vitro (Chaves et al. 2008c). Other EOs like. Juniper berry EOs and cinnamon oil (Chaves et al. 2008c) and peppermint oil (Tatsouka et al. 2008 Agarwal et al. 2009) have been shown to have a strong inhibitory effect on methanogenesis. The active component of cinnamon oil i.e. cinnamaldehyde caused a depression in methane production to the extent of 94% at 5 mM (Macheboeuf et al. 2008). Methanol and ethanol extracts of fennel seeds and clove buds inhibited in vitro methane production (Patra et al. 2010). Eucalyptus oil inhibited methane production up to 58% at 1.66 mL L (Kumar et al. 2009), 90.3% at 2 mL L" (Sallam et al. 2009) and 70% at a dose of 0.33 g of a-cyclodextrin-eucalyptus oil complex... 

A yield of 20% in two hours was reported for the L.CO2 extraction of clove buds at 60 bar and 20°C [32]. S.CO2 extraction of cloves has been reported [19] and in more detail by Gopakakrishnan [109]. Reported S.CO2 extracts appear to prove that all of the useful components of clove are extracted at L.CQz conditions. 

Clifford, A.A., BasiU, A., and Al-Saidi, S.H.R., A comparison of the extraction of clove buds with supercritical carbon dioxide and superheated water, Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 364, 635, 1999. 

Clove yields three types of volatile oil - oil extracted from the leaves, the stem and the buds. These oils differ considerably in yield and quality. The yield and composition of the oil obtained are influenced by its origin, season, variety and quality of raw material, maturity at harvest, pre- and post-distillation treatments and method of distillation. The chief component of the oil is eugenol. 

Aqueous extract of clove flower bud inhibits immediate hypersensitivity in rats by inhibition of histamine release from mast cells in vivo and in vitro (Kim et al., 1998). 

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