Closed drainage system

In some cases a closed drainage system can be used which drains process components directly into the oily water sewer. This has the advantage of avoiding releases of vapors in any instance, but assurance must be obtained that back pressure from one drainage location will not backfeed liquids into another drain point when two valves are open simultaneously or other drainage valves can contain any backpressure on them from other drainage sources. 

Drainage Closed drainage work may include new closed drainage structures, culverts, and the cleaning and repair of existing systems. Subsurface utility exploration should be considered for closed drainage system modifications. ... 

Consideration of All Releases into the System - All releases tied into the closed system must be considered. In addition to PR valve discharges, these may include fuel gas compressor and absorber knockout drum drainage, vapors vented from water disengaging drums, feed diversion streams, closed drainage from equipment, vapor blowdowns and liquid pulldowns. 

Liquid Drainage from Closed Relief System - Accumulation of liquid in closed rehef systems can impose appreciable back pressure and reduce relieving capacity. The following design features must be included to avoid these problems ... 

Patients should be taught how to administer topical therapy. With a forefinger pulling down the lower eyelid to form a pocket, the patient should place the dropper over the eye, look at the tip of the bottle, and then look up and place a single drop in the eye. To maximize topical activity and minimize systemic absorption, the patient should close the lid for 1 to 3 minutes after instillation and place the index finger over the nasolacrimal drainage system in the inner corner of the eye. 

World-wide activities focus on the remediation of radioactively contaminated sites. Part of such efforts were projects funded by the DFG (Deutsche Forschungsgemein-schaft) Characterization of colloidal particles in drainage systems of abandoned Sax-onian mines and Investigation of mechanisms of uranium(VI) sorption onto rock and mineral surfaces. Identification and modelling of sorbed surface species on a molecular level and funded by the EC Restoration Strategies for radioactively contaminated sites and their close surroimdings . One common aim was to deliver a more pro-... 

Information on authorized and accidental releases of Tc to terrestrial ecosystems or to freshwater drainage systems from large reprocessing facilities in the former USSR, e.g., Chelyabinsk (Ma-yak PA), Krasnoyarsk (KMCIC), or Tomsk (SCC) is not available. However, significant amovmt of Tc have been identified in ground water and artificial reservoirs associated with Techa River in the close vicinity of the Mayak PA. 

Ensure the use of skin antisepsis at insertion and proper aseptic technique for the maintenance of catheter and drainage bag, and the use of closed urinary drainage system. Ensure removal of urinary catheter when no longer essential for care. 

Unlike other industrial sectors, mining activities particularly opencast mines, draw special attention from environmental degradation point of view. Besides air and water pollutions, it involves excavations of land, loss of soil, degradation/ disfiguring of surface area and deforestation. Valuable topsoil and usable land is lost forever, which cannot be fully recovered. Natural drainage system and groundwater table is disturbed which not only afiects the inhabitants in close proximity but also people living in faraway places. 

Fig. 4.103 A Jackson-Pratt drain closed dural drainage system. B Postoperative evacuation of wound hematoma using the Jackson-Pratt continuous drainage system.

Ventilate area of leak or spill. Wear appropriate personal protective equipment as specified in Sectioi 8. Spills Picki spill fa recovery or disposal and place in a closed container. Keep spilled material away from sewage/drainage systems and waterw s. 

Process equipment drains should be provided with a sealed drainage system where it is practical and backpressure from the system or contamination is not a concern. Open drain ports should be avoided and separate sewage and process/oily water or closed drain system capability provided. Surface drainage should be provided to remove liquid spills immediately... 

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