Sensitivity global climate

Anbar, A. D., Y. L. Yung, and F. P. Chavez, Methyl Bromide Ocean Sources, Ocean Sinks, and Climate Sensitivity, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 10, 175-190(1996). 

One of the primary goals of Earth systems" research is to learn how sensitive global climate... 

Hoffert, M. I. and Covey, C. (1992). Deriving global climate sensitivity from paleoclimate reconstructions. Nature 360,573-576. 

The main tools used to provide global projections of future climate are general circulation models (GCMs). These are mathematical models based on fundamental physical laws and thus constitute dynamical representations of the climate system. Computational constraints impose a limitation on the resolution that it is possible to realise with such models, and so some unresolved processes are parameterised within the models. This includes many key processes that control climate sensitivity such as clouds, vegetation and oceanic convection [19] of which scientific understanding is still incomplete. 

Anthropogenic addition to radiative forcing at stabilisation (W/m2) Stabilisation level for C02 only (ppm C02) Multi-gas concentration level (ppm C02-eq.) Global mean temperature °C increase above pre-industrial at equilibrium," using best estimate climate sensitivity of 3°C Peaking year for C02 emissions Change in C02 emissions in 2050 (% of 2000 emissions) ... 

Walter and Heimann (2000) report application of a one-dimensional process-based climate-sensitive model simulating processes leading to CH4 emission from natural wetlands. The model treats three CH4 transport mechanisms— diffusion, plant transport, and ebullition explicitly—and is forced with daily values of temperature, water table, net primary productivity, and thaw depth at permafrost sites. Their objective was to provide a model that could be applied to simulating CH4 emissions in various regions as a function of the prevailing climate that could also be used on a global scale. The model was tested with time-series data from five different wetland sites. Soil temperature and water-table position explained seasonal variations, but the authors emphasized that the absence of a simple relationship between controlling factors and CH4 emission requires the process-based approach. 

Walter B. and Heimann M. (2000) A process-based, climate-sensitive model to derive methane emissions from natural wetlands application to five wetland sites, sensitivity to model parameters, and climate. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 14, 745-765. 

Birkett S (1995) Contribution of TOPEX/POSEIDON to the global monitoring of climatically sensitive lakes. J Geophys Res l(X)(C12) 25,179-25,204... 

TEMPO (1996). Potential role of vegetation feedback in the climate sensitivity of high-latitude regions a case study at 6000 years B.P. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 10, 727-736. 

Climate sensitivity, AT/AF, is the mean change in global temperature that occurs in response to a specified forcing. From ice core samples (T, CO2, etc.), it is found between glacial and interglacial periods that... 

Cyclical phenomena, such as ENSO events, the North Atlantic Oscillation, the North Pacific Oscillation, and a phenomenon in the Southern Ocean called the Southern Annular Mode, have important impacts on the solubility pump. This was illustrated for the ENSO events in Figure 25.5b. These oscillations are all sensitive to global climate change. In the case of the Southern Ocean, the impact of climate change on circulation is complicated by the zonation associated with the polar and subpolar frontal boundaries (Figure 10.10). As a result, some parts of the Southern Ocean are expected to respond differently than others to changes in increases and meridional overturning circulation rates. 

Cao MK, Gregson K, Marshall S. 1998. Global methane emission from wetlands and its sensitivity to climate change. Atmospheric Environment 32 3293-3299. 

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