Clean technology waste minimization

To promote use of clean technology to minimize waste at source. 

Technologies to minimize resource consumption, to promote waste recovery and to develop clean processes and products... 

When one takes the cost of industrial compliance with RCRA to handle currently generated wastes and adds the cost of Superfund to clean up the wastes of the past, it becomes obvious that there are strong incentives for technology development in the area of waste minimization and treatment, and many opportunities for research and employment for chemical engineers. 

Reduce or eliminate the production of the effluent at source through clean process technology by waste minimization. 

The clean and efficient production of azo dyes is a classical chemistry problem. The manufacture of this industrially important family of compounds is traditionally associated with the additional formation of large quantities of hazardous and colored waste. A method for the construction of both phenolic and amino azodyes has been reported using a polymer-supported nitrite reagent to effect diazoti-zation of aromatic amines (Scheme 2.53) [80]. Waste minimization and operational simplicity, along with improved separation technologies, are key advantages of polymer-supported reagents in this area. 

Waste minimization Cleaner production Waste reduction Clean technology Source reduction... 

Pollution prevention or waste minimization centers at universities, for example, the UCLA Center for Clean Technology, the Pollution Prevention Research Center at North Carolina State University, and the Emission Reduction Research Center at the New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT),... 

Davis et al. 1994, Chemical Hazard Evaluation for Management Strategies A Method for Ranking and Scoring Chemicals by Potential Human Health and Environmental Impacts, Report prepared by The University of Tennessee, Center for Clean Products and Clean Technologies for the Waste Minimization, Destruction and Disposal Research Division, Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, EPA/600/R-94/177, September 1994. 

The whole problem is best dealt with by not making the waste in the first place through clean process technology. If waste can be minimized at source, this brings the dual... 

Process operation for clean process technology. Many of the problems associated with waste from process operations can be mitigated if the process is designed for low inventories of material in the process. This is also compatible with design for inherent safety. Other ways to minimize waste from process operation are7 ... 

Civilian applications are numerous, but most funding of SCWO technology has stemmed from the military s need to find a safe and effective alternative to incineration of their wastes, as well as the need to clean up mixed wastes (radioactive and hazardous organic materials) at DOE weapons facilities. For better utilization of SCWO for its application to a wide range of waste types, a better fundamental understanding of reaction media, including reaction rates, reaction mechanisms, and phase behavior of multicomponent systems is required. Such an understanding would help optimize the process conditions to minimize reactor corrosion and salt... 

---