Class II properties

On the other hand, when properties of the new field are being measured—such as its frequency, direction (wavevector), state of polarization and amplitude (or intensify)—one has a Class II spectroscopy. 

Inadequate availability of experimental data can considerably inhibit the development of improved energy functions for more accurate simulations of energetic, structural, and spectroscopic properties. This has led to the development of class II force fields such as CFF and the Merck Molecular Force Field (MMFF), which are both based primarily on quantum mechanical calculations of the energy surface. The purpose of MMFF, which has been developed by Thomas Halgren at Merck and Co., is to be able to handle all functional groups of interest in pharmaceutical design. 

Equipment shall be approved not only for the class of location but also for the explosive, combustible, or ignitable properties of the specific gas, vapor, dust, fiber, or flyings that will be present. In addition. Class I equipment shall not have any exposed surface that operates at a temperature in excess of the ignition temperature of the specific gas or vapor. Class II equipment shall not have an external temperature higher than that specified in Section 500-3(1). Class III equipment shall not exceed the maximum surface temperatures specified in Section 503-1. 

NFPA-325 Guide to Fire Hazard Properties of Flammable Liquids, Gases and Volatile Solids, (1994 ed.), NFPA-321 Basic Classification of Flammable and Combustible Liquids (1991 ed.), NFPA-497A, Classification of Class 1 Hazardous (Classified) Locations for Electrical Installations in Chemical Process Areas (1992 ed.), and NFPA-497B, Classification of Class II Hazardous (Classified) Locations for Electrical Installations in Chemical Process Areas (1991 ed.), National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. 

According to EU purity criteria, color intensity is defined as the absorbance of a 0.1% (w/v) solution of caramel color solids in water in a 1 cm cell at 610 nm. The color intensity must be 0.01 to 0.12 for class I (E 150a), 0.05 to 0.13 for class II (E 150b), 0.08 to 0.36 for class III (E 150c), and 0.10 to 0.60 for class IV (E 150d). Ammonia caramels show the highest tinctorial power and are most commonly used as food colorants. Class I has the weakest coloring properties and is mostly used as flavor. 

Some cephalosporins can be both substrates and inhibitors of /3-lactamases. The acyl-enzyme intermediate can undergo either rapid deacylation (Fig. 5.4, Pathway a) or elimination of the leaving group at the 3 -position to yield a second acyl-enzyme derivative (Fig. 5.4, Pathway b), which hydrolyzes very slowly [35][53], Thus, cephalosporins inactivate /3-lactamases by a mechanism similar to that described above for class-II inhibitors. It has been hypothesized that differences in the rate of deacylation of the acyl-enzyme intermediates derive from their different abilities to form H-bonds. A H-bond to NH in Fig. 5.4, Pathway a, may be necessary to assure a catalytically essential conformation of the enzyme, whereas the presence of a H-bond acceptor in Fig. 5.4, Pathway b, may drive the enzyme to an unproductive conformation. The ratio between hydrolysis and elimination, and, consequently, the relative importance of substrate and inhibitor behaviors of cephalosporins, is determined by the nature of the leaving group at C(3 ). An appropriate substitution at C(3 ) of cephalosporins may, therefore, increase the /3-lactamase inhibitory properties and yield potentially better antibiotics [53]. 

Compounds with low solubility and high permeability (BCS Class II [15]). For these compounds, oral bioavailability may be limited by solubility, and significant formulation efforts may be required before acceptable properties are obtained. 

Recoupling Cancer-Protective Properties of Angle-Spinning NMR High-Selenium Broccoli A Class II Aldolase MimH ... 

Sotalol Sotalol has both Class II (beta blocking) and III properties Class III effects are seen at doses greater than 160 mg. 

Electric fleld gradient, 22 214-218 Electroabsorption spectroscopy, 41 279 class II mixed-valence complexes, 41 289, 291, 294-297 [j(jl-pyz)]=+, 41 294, 296 Electrocatalytic reduction, nickel(n) macro-cyclic complexes, 44 119-121 Electrochemical interconversions, heteronuclear gold cluster compounds, 39 338-339 Electrochemical oxidation, of iron triazenide complexes, 30 21 Electrochemical properties fullerene adducts, 44 19-21, 33-34 nickeljll) macrocyclic complexes, 44 112-113... 

Hydroxychloroquine is an antimalarial agent with immunosuppressant properties. It is thought to suppress intracellular antigen processing and loading of peptides onto MHC class II molecules by increasing the pH of lysosomal and endosomal compartments, thereby decreasing T-cell activation. 

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