Electroabsorption spectroscopy

T.M. Brown, J.S. Kim, R.H. Friend, F. Cacialli, R. Daik, and W.J. Feast, Built-in electroabsorption spectroscopy of polymer light-emitting diodes incorporating a doped poly(3,4-ethylene diox-ythiophene) hole injection layer, Appl. Phys. Lett., 75 1679-1681, 1999. 

Electric fleld gradient, 22 214-218 Electroabsorption spectroscopy, 41 279 class II mixed-valence complexes, 41 289, 291, 294-297 [j(jl-pyz)]=+, 41 294, 296 Electrocatalytic reduction, nickel(n) macro-cyclic complexes, 44 119-121 Electrochemical interconversions, heteronuclear gold cluster compounds, 39 338-339 Electrochemical oxidation, of iron triazenide complexes, 30 21 Electrochemical properties fullerene adducts, 44 19-21, 33-34 nickeljll) macrocyclic complexes, 44 112-113... 

Khoudiakov M, Parise AR, Brunschwig BS. Interfacial electron transfer in [Fe(CN)6]4 - sensitized Ti02 nanoparticles a study of direct charge injection by electroabsorption spectroscopy. / Am Chem Soc 2003 125 4637-42. 

Electroabsorption spectroscopy and its application to MMCT transitions 17, 18, 104) are important developments that will test current theories and increase our understanding of the factors that control superexchange phenomena. It is to be hoped that the use of electroabsorption spectroscopy becomes commonplace. 

Middendorf, T. R., Mazzola, L. T., Lao, K., Steffen, M. A., and Boxer, S. G., 1993, Stark effect (electroabsorption) spectroscopy of photosynthetic reaction centers at 1.5 K Evidence that the special pair has a large excited-state polarizability. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1143 223fi234. 

Second harmonic generation (SHG), attenuated total reflection (ATR) and Stark (electroabsorption) spectroscopy were employed to find PAP. The response of the interaction between an electric field (E ) and a material can be described by Equation (10.14). 

The formula for 8k forms the basis of electroabsorption spectroscopy, which is an experimental technique in which one measures the change of the absorption... 

It should be noted that the above classification of the electroabsorption spectrum is valid only approximately, because first of all eqn (11.11) is correct only in the case of weak absorption and, second, the Frenkel and CT exciton states usually mix. We finally mention that the change of the refractive index Sn is of the same order as 5k new experimental techniques are required to measure this change, however. Good candidates for such methods have been proposed by War-man and coworkers (18). The success of such measurements could be the basis of electrorefraction spectroscopy, complementary to the existing electroabsorption spectroscopy. 

Rohlfing F, Bradley DDC, Eberhardt A, Mullen K, Cornil J, Beljonne D, and Bredas JL (1996) Electroabsorption spectroscopy of/3-caroteneand a,a>-bis(l,l-dimethylheptyl)-... 

An alternative means for the experimental evaluation of //da is by means of electroabsorption spectroscopy. " The electric field dependence of the absorption spectrum can be used to obtain the difference in the ground state and excited state dipole moments, A/UdaI- This may be combined with the transition dipole moment (in Debyes), l gel = 16[Cda/(108 x 10 da)]. to obtain (neglecting vibronic and nonresonance overlap contributions), ... 

The static hyperpolarizability Po can also be evaluated by means of Stark (electroabsorption) spectroscopy, which affords the value of A/igg by analyzing the effects of an applied electric field on the shapes of the major absorption bands of CT character [29-31]. The contribution of each transition to the quadratic hyperpolarizability value is thus obtained according to the two level model (Eq. 4). However, the estimated pc, are generally approximate, especially when dynamic P data are resonantly enhanced, or when many excited states contribute to the NLO response [32]. 

Rohlfing, F., T. Yamada, and T. TsutsuL 1999. Electroabsorption spectroscopy on tris-(8-hydroxy-quinoKne) aluminum-based light-emitting diodes. / Appl Phys 86 4978—4984. 

Campbell, I.H., et al. 1996. Probing electronic state charging in organic electronic devices using electroabsorption spectroscopy. Synth Met 80 105-110. 

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