Clark, definition

Before setting about the task of developing such a model, the product development process requires definition along with an indication of its key stages, this is so the appropriate tools and techniques can be applied (Booker et al., 1997). In the approach presented here in Figure 5.11, the product development phases are activities generally defined in the automotive industry (Clark and Fujimoto, 1991). QFD Phase 1 is used to understand and quantify the importance of customer needs and requirements, and to support the definition of product and process requirements. The FMEA process is used to explore any potential failure modes, their likely Occurrence, Severity and Detectability. DFA/DFM techniques are used to minimize part count, facilitate ease of assembly and project component manufacturing and assembly costs, and are primarily aimed at cost reduction. 

Rational design, 148-149, 152 Real-time assays, 83, 88 Receptor(s). See also Drug receptors affinity for, 6, 63 allosteric model of, 143 Clark s work, 3 classical model of, 44-45 concept of, 2-4 conformations, 13-14, 13 Of conservation equation for, 76 constitutive activity of, 49-51 coupling of, 27 definition of, 2 desensitization of, 34 efficacy for, 6... 

Nevertheless the heat capacity of a carbon resistor was not so low as that of crystalline materials used later. More important, carbon resistors had an excess noise which limited the bolometer performance. In 1961, Low [61] proposed a bolometer which used a heavily doped Ge thermometer with much improved characteristics. This type of bolometer was rapidly applied to infrared astronomy as well also to laboratory spectroscopy. A further step in the development of bolometers came with improvements in the absorber. In the early superconducting bolometer built by Andrews et al. (1942) [62], the absorber was a blackened metal foil glued to the 7A thermometer. Low s original bolometer [61] was coated with black paint and Coron et al. [63] used a metal foil as substrate for the black-painted absorber. A definite improvement is due to J. Clarke, G. I. Hoffer, P. L. Richards [64] who used a thin low heat capacity dielectric substrate for the metal foil and used a bismuth film absorber instead of the black paint. 

Ordnance Explosive Train Designers Handbook , NOLR 1111 (1952), p G1 2a) C.G. Dunkle, "Introduction to Theory of Detonation of Explosives , Lecture delivered at PicArsn on 13 Dec 1955, pp 1-14 (Definitions of detonation, detonation process and other terms) 3) Clark Hawley (1957), pp 293-95 ("Detonation , by W.H. Rtnkenbach) 370-71 (Explosives and Detonation, by M.A. Cook)... 

CA 27, 5979(1933) (A detonating cap was placed in a lead cylinder and axially under this, and at definite distance, a 2nd cap was fixed. When the 1st cap exploded the deton wave traveled thru the air to the 2nd cap whose expln made an impression in the Pb cylinder. By changing the distance betw the caps, a value for the sensitiveness to propagation of deton was obtd) 9) D.B. Gawthrop, JFrankllnst 214, 647(1932) (Deton by influence) 10) R.L. Clark, IEC 25, 663-67(1933) (Deton by influence)... 

Clarke, D., 1974. Polarimetric definitions, in Planets, Stars and Nebulae Studied with Photopolari-metry, T. Gehrels, (Ed.), University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Ariz, pp. 45-53. 

Then, we focused on conceptual problems such as the definition of local spins that do hardly emerge naturally in holistic quantum theory. The local spin concept was rigorously introduced in quantum chemistry about 10 years ago by Clark and Davidson. We reviewed the most important contributions in this field and... 

The definitive resonance Raman spectra obtained by Clark and Franks for [(C4H,)4N] 2Re2Cl8 and [(C4H,)4N]2Re2Br8 were particularly informative (49). The observation of resonance enhancement in the Raman spectrum recorded with excitation frequencies in the range of the lowest electronic absorption near 14,000 cm 1 not only provided useful vibrational data, but also confirmed that this electronic absorption was electric dipole allowed in accord with the S- 5 assignment. Normal Raman spectra were obtained with excitation energies differing substantially from the absorption maximum near... 

In oxidation-reduction equilibria, the common reagent is the electron e", and matters are simplified considerably if one treats the electron like any other reagent, H+, Ag+, Cl", etc. (Note that neither of these exists free and unhydrated in aqueous solutions). Clark has suggested (6) using e, and J0rgensen (8) has suggested the definition ... 

Aside from identifying air injection as a common feature in most waters and excess He in Pacific deep waters, noble gas elemental abundances have also been used as tracers for water masses and to study mixing in intermediate waters. Discussions are given by Bieri et al. (1966, 1968), Craig, Weiss and Clarke (1967), Craig and Weiss (1968), and Bieri and Koide (1972). On the whole, the arguments cut finer and are therefore closer to the limit of experimental uncertainties than the air injection and excess He features discussed earlier, and so are less definitive in any case, they seem not to have made any large impact on marine science. 

In the Atlantic, deep water anomalies in 3He were found to be considerably less than in the Pacific, in accord with the conclusions based on total saturation anomalies (Section 4.3), but nevertheless quite definitely present in a characteristic level <5 He = 5% (Jenkins et al., 1972). Albeit at a lower level than in the Pacific, the deep Atlantic 3He excesses also show considerable structure in a detailed study of the western Atlantic, Jenkins, and Clarke (1976) observed a maximum <53He of 13% and identified a localized source in the Gibbs Fracture Zone southwest of Iceland. To the south (at about 30°N), a section across the Mid-Atlantic Ridge shows no perceptible influence of the ridge itself on <53He (Lupton, 1976), a result in marked contrast to the comparable data for the East Pacific Rise (Figure 4.4). 

A large amount of work has been reported on potentially bis- or trishomocycloprope-nium ions. Many reviews exist including those bv Winstein " , Story and Clark Williams and Kurtz, Koptyug Hogeveen and Kwant, Lenoir and Siehl and a particularly full account by Barkhash The topic also overlaps that of the pyramidal cations and related boranes In this present section we will again not give an exhaustive account but concentrate on a few key systems where there has been some recent definitive work reported. 

Pits of the nature described here are generally desirable in etching Intended to reveal dislocations, as mentioned in section 2.1 however, these pits faceted along definite crystallographic planes are the basis for orientation of crystals by optical techniques. The accuracy of optical techniques depends, in part, on the flatness of the facets. Wolff, Wilbur, and Clark (33) have listed the accuracy achieved for silicon and germanium. The accuracy obtained thus far for metals is not as good. 

In this opinion he disagreed with Halley (1715), who suggested that the salinity of the oceans has increased with time, and that the ratio of the total salt content of the oceans to the rate at which rivers deliver salt to the sea could be used to ascertain the age of the Earth. The first really serious attempt to measure geologic time by this method was made by Joly (1899). His calculations were refined by Clarke (1911), who inferred that the age of the ocean, since the Earth assumed its present form, is somewhat less than 100 Ma. He concluded, however, that the problem cannot be regarded as definitely solved until all available methods of estimation shall have converged on one common conclusion. There was little appreciation in his approach for the magnitude of ... 

The starting materials needed for these solutions are frequently more diflScult to prepare than those of Clark and Lubs. The pure substances can be ordered from Kahlbaum, although there is really no definite assurance of their purity. One must be especially careful with disodium phosphate. 

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