Citizenship social

And at each point, the lawn was as much a vehicle for the creation and maintenance of social systems as it was a product of those systems. In every period it served to mediate broader ideologies of citizenship and property, interpellating urban subjects as it went. In the process, it became normalized into a predictable kind of aesthetic, one that is inherently cultural in that it came to be normal, expected, and desirable. A lawn, distinct simply from a grassy yard, was established specifically as smooth, unbroken, and homogeneous ecology. 

Lake District National Park Authority (2002) Habitats of the Lake District , Education Service Factsheet, Lake District National Park Authority, Kendal Light, A. (2003) Urban ecological citizenship , Journal of Social Philosophy, vol 34, no 1, pp44—63 Nilsson, R. (1998) Integrating Sweden into the European Union Problems concerning chemicals control , in R. Bal and W. Halffman (eds) The Politics of Chemical Risk, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, ppl59—171... 

Konovsky MA, Pugh SD. 1994. Citizenship behavior and social exchange. Acad Manag J 37 656. 

Increasingly, excellent companies are expected to perform socially as well as economically. The CEOs of leading companies understand this as their responses to a recent World Economic Forum CEO survey on Global Corporate Citizenship indicate ... 

Social responsibility is used here as a general term to encompass the community relations information that appears under different labels on the companies websites (corporate citizenship, charitable work, community service, etc.). 

Social interaction and citizenship including effective, interpersonal, and intergroup behaviors as well as leadership competence. 

Through improving access to work or subsidised work opportunities, activation strategies can help strengthen societal cohesion and alleviate potential tensions between tax payers and benefit recipients. This implies a re-orientation of social citizenship, away from freedom from want towards freedom to act while continuing to guarantee a rich social minimum. 

Legal aspects such as social citizenship and the relation between rights and obligations... 

Indeed, successive 1988 and 1992 RMI Acts established RMI as an unconditional citizenship right. Article 2 of the RMI Act reads as follows Every person residing in France whose income (...) does not reach the amount of the minimum income (..) and who is at least 25 or is in charge of one or several child(ren) (..) and who accepts participation in the activities, determined with him/her, that are necessary for his/her social or labour market integration, has a right to RMI (1988,1992 amended, Acts). 

Johansson H, Hvinden B (2007) Opening citizenship Why do we need a new understanding of social citizenship In Hvinden B, Johansson H (eds.) Citizenship in Nordic Welfare States. Dynamics of Choice, Duties and Participation in a Changing Europe. Routledge, London pp. 3-17... 

Active social policies are deemed necessary to provide citizens with the resources needed in order to achieve labour market and social integration. Active citizenship strategies of this kind are mostly found in Scandinavia. 

In light of the effects of cultural upheaval and disintegration, treatment as children incapable of governing themselves for more than one hundred years, and denial of the full benefits of Australian citizenship until 1967, it is no wonder that Indigenous unemployment has been an ongoing and intractable social, economic, and political problem in Australia (Royal Commission, 1991), even in the presence of employment opportunities (Department of Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous... 

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