Ciba-Geigy adhesives

Habitrol (102), co-developed by Lohmarin Therapie Systeme and Ciba-Geigy Ltd., and marketed by Ciba-Geigy, consists of an impermeable backiag laminate with a layer of adhesive and a nonwoven pad to which a nicotine solution is appHed (103). Multiple layers of adhesive on a release liner are then laminated on the patch. The systems come ia 10, 20, and 30 cm sizes corresponding to 7, 14, and 21 mg/day, respectively, deUvered over 24 hours. 

The commercial possibiUties for epoxy resins were first recognized by DeTrey Emres in Switzerland and DeVoe and Raynolds in the United States (1,2). In 1936, DeTrey Emres produced a low melting bisphenol A-based epoxy resin that gave a thermoset composition with phthaUc anhydride. Apphcation of the hardened composition was foreseen in dental products, but initial attempts to market the resin were unsuccessful. The patents were hcensed to CIBA AG of Basel, Switzerland (now CIBA-GEIGY), and in 1946 the first epoxy adhesive was shown at the Swiss Industries Eair and samples of casting resin were offered to the electrical industry. 

EP adhesives come as fabric- or glass-supported films, pastes, and viscous liquids [208,212]. They are often supplied in solvent. The pastes are most useful in situations where gap filling is required [208]. A wide variety of epoxies are available. Some of the producers are Bloomingdale, Shell (EponICI [formerly Hysol] (Hysol ), CIBA-Geigy (Araldite )i 3M (Scotch Weld ), and Amicom (Uniset ). There are many more. 

Another oil-derived class of organic chemical business includes adhesives, sealants, coatings, and so on, with companies like Ciba-Geigy, Dow, Monsanto, and Laporte in the lead. Nowadays aircraft... 

Form war. A polyvinylformal insularing agent manufd by Bond Master Rubber Adhesive Co, Irvington, NJ, used in conjunction with bonding agent "Araldit (epoxy resin of Ciba-Geigy Corp, Ardsley, NY) in some US Military detonators, such as T44 Refs 1) P.B. Tweed, Ordn 44, 654(1960)... 

Safety considerations are of special importance in the use of these tubes, since their breaking pressure varies and may depend on microscopic faults in construction. We subjected our tubes to numerous pressure tests. In two cases the tube assemblies broke in both cases the epoxy adhesive (Araldite AV 138M and a HV 998 hardener, from Ciba-Geigy) detached at about 50 MPa. These tubes have been in use for more than one year in several laboratories, with a maximum working pressure of 10 MPa. No accident has occurred to date. Nevertheless, the tubes are always used with a protection device (Fig. 4.33) developed in our laboratory that ensures that the user is never exposed directly to the tube while it is pressurized. 

Araldite . [Ciba-Geigy/Plastics Ciba-Geigy Plastics UK Ciba-Geigy GmbH] Solid and liq. vpomy resins and adhesives. 

Aravite . [Ciba-Geigy Plastics UK] Cyanoacrylate adhesive. 

Adhesive bonding in connections WmJ bt+bd and WmJ bd was with the toughened epoxy Araldite 2015 (Ciba Geigy, UK), a two-part cold-cure adhesive. 

Composites containing 60 vol. % carbon fibres in an epoxy resin of type LY556 cured with diamin HT972 (both firom Ciba Geigy Comp.) were manufactured to investigate adhesion between fibres and resin. 

American Cyanamid. Ciba-Geigy. Gulf Adhesives. " Pacific Resins. ... 

Room temperature latency of the nitrogen-containing curatives is typically achieved in one of two ways. One method is to employ a curative which is insoluble, or only marginally soluble, in the adhesive mixture at room temperature, but which becomes soluble at the cure temperature. The classic example of this is dicyandiamide (10). The second method is to employ a curative precursor which is inactive at room temperature, but which converts to the active curative at the cure temperature. Examples include Monuron (11) and the di-urea adduct (12) of toluene diisocyanate and dimethylamine. Full cure in one hour at about 250 F is achieved. These solid curatives are incorporated into the epoxy under high-shear conditions. Efforts to replace the water-soluble dicyandiamide with adipic dihydrazide and solid adducts of ethylenediamine such as HY-940, sold by Ciba-Geigy, have been successful. Most latent curatives typically have some activity at room temperature, which often requires the storage of the uncured adhesive at subambient temperatures. 

Oligomers end-capped with maleimide rings, which are known as bismaleimide (BMI) resins, exhibit thermal stability intermediate between epoxies and poly-imides. BMI systems are mainly used to fabricate structural composites capable of sustaining temperatures up to 230°C. Specific versions, such as American Cyanamid FM 32 and Ciba-Geigy Kerimid 601 have been developed to prepare adhesive compositions. Fig. 17 displays a typical constitutive unit of various commercial BMI resins based on bismaleimide 38, prepared from maleic anhydride 37 and 4,4 -methylenebisbenzeneamine (MDA) 34. 

Adhinarayanan [1201 describes the adhesive properties of epoxy—imide resins obtained through the reaction of epoxy resins, namely, Araldite GY250 (di-glycidylether of bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin difunctional) and Araldite EPN1138 (novolac epoxy resin polyfunctional), both manufactured by Hidustan Ciba-Geigy India Ltd (Calcutta), with bis(carboxyphthalimide)s. The chemical structures of these epoxy resins and bis(carboxyphthalimide) are... 

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