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Cholera Activation

Active immunization against brucellosis Active immunization against cholera Active immunization against cytomegalovirus... [Pg.397]

Cholera vaccine Dead strain(s) of Vibrio cholerae Active immunization against cholera... [Pg.437]

Protein toxin secreted by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Activates adenyl cyclase. Leads to prolonged loss of Na and water from the gut. [Pg.674]

A failure to turn off GTP-activated Ga has dire consequences. For example, in the disease cholera, cholera toxin produced by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae binds to Ga and prevents GTP hydrolysis, resulting in the continued excretion of sodium and water into the gut. [Pg.254]

Pathogenic organisms Bacteria, viruses or cysts which cause disease (typhoid, cholera, dysentery) in a host (such as a person). There are many types of bacteria (non-pathogenic) which do NOT cause disease. Many beneficial bacteria are found in wastewater treatment processes actively cleaning up organic wastes. [Pg.621]

Carnot soon realized that he did not have the temperament of a soldier and in 1818 left the army. After leaving the army Carnot took up residence in his father s former Paris apartment, and was presumably supported by his family whiile he attended classes at Sorbonne, the College de France, and the Conservatoire des Arts et Metiers. He also frequently visited factories and workshops, both to see steam engines actually in use, and to learn more about the economics of such industrial use of energy. There were rumors that he did at least on a lew occasions receive some consultant s fees for his advise, but there was no clear documentary evidence of this. In 1827 he returned to active militaiy seiwice with the rank of captain, but this lasted only a little more than a year. He resigned in 1828 and died of cholera four years later in Paris. [Pg.219]

Cholera toxin, heat labile coli toxins Gs proteins ADP-ribosylation Activation of adenylate cyclase (cholera, traveler -d iarrhea)... [Pg.246]

In many ways, both Canada and the United States continue to be involved in a unique experiment of co-operative management of serious environmental issues which plague a shared international resource. Despite the institutional complexity and the history of abuse that man s activities have wrought on the Great Lakes, the experiment to restore and protect them has had several successes typhoid and cholera were eradicated eutrophication problems are now largely under control and where adequate control programs for toxic chemicals have been implemented and enforced (e.g., mercury, DDT, PCBs), there have been associated declines in concentrations in the lakes. These successes have been due in no small way to the spirit of co-operation that has continued to exist between Canada and the United States and the unique institutional arrangements entered into by the two countries. [Pg.221]

Glycosphingolipids are constituents of the outer leaflet of plasma membranes and are important in cell adhesion and cell recognition. Some are antigens, eg, ABO blood group substances. Certain gangliosides function as receptors for bacterial toxins (eg, for cholera toxin, which subsequently activates adenylyl cyclase). [Pg.202]

Tamplin et. al. (54) observed that V. cholerae and A. hydrophila cell extracts contained substances with TTX-like biological activity in tissue culture assay, counteracting the lethal effect of veratridine on ouabain-treated mouse neuroblastoma cells. Concentrations of TTX-like activity ranged from 5 to 100 ng/L of culture when compared to standard TTX. The same bacterial extracts also displaced radiolabelled STX from rat brain membrane sodium channel receptors and inhibited the compound action potential of frog sciatic nerve. However, the same extracts did not show TTX-like blocking events of sodium current when applied to rat sarcolemmal sodium channels in planar lipid bilayers. [Pg.82]

Gs — activates adenylyl cyclase (irreversibly activated by cholera toxin)... [Pg.71]

Fig. 12. Tentative model of the signal transduction chain that links the perception of pectic fragments to defense responses in carrot cells. Abbreviations apy, heterotrimeric G protein CaM, calmodulin 4CL, 4-coumarate-CoA ligase CTX, cholera toxin FC, fusicoccine GDP-P-S and GTP-y-S, guanosine 5 -0-(2-thiodiphosphate) and guanosine 5 -0-(3-thiotriphosphate) IP3, 1,4,5-inositol trisphosphate PAL, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase PLC, phospholipase C PR, pathogenesis related PTX, pertussis toxin Rc, receptor SP, staurosporine. Activation and inhibition are symbolized by + and -respectively. Fig. 12. Tentative model of the signal transduction chain that links the perception of pectic fragments to defense responses in carrot cells. Abbreviations apy, heterotrimeric G protein CaM, calmodulin 4CL, 4-coumarate-CoA ligase CTX, cholera toxin FC, fusicoccine GDP-P-S and GTP-y-S, guanosine 5 -0-(2-thiodiphosphate) and guanosine 5 -0-(3-thiotriphosphate) IP3, 1,4,5-inositol trisphosphate PAL, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase PLC, phospholipase C PR, pathogenesis related PTX, pertussis toxin Rc, receptor SP, staurosporine. Activation and inhibition are symbolized by + and -respectively.
Stable analogs of GTP and GDP can be used to study the role of the G-protein, as indicated above. Thus, stable GTP analogs enhance agonist-induced receptor-mediated effects and slow their reversal, as shown in Figure 7.6. Pertussis and cholera toxins can also be used to inhibit or activate certain G-proteins, as indicated. [Pg.219]

Finally, a recent study [57] found rifaximin active against 408 clinical strains of Vibrio cholerae isolated... [Pg.40]

V. cholerae B subunits of the cholera toxin (CTB) Potato Receptor-binding activity. Immunogenic in mice when delivered orally. Mice challenged intraileally with CT showed up to 60% reduction in diarrheal fluid accumulation in small intestines. 117, 118... [Pg.149]

Two of the most widely spread and well-studied enterotoxigenic forms of bacterial diarrhea are ETEC and Vibrio cholerae. The toxins they produce, labile toxin (LT) and cholera toxin (CT) respectively, are very similar in primary sequence, structure, and mechanism of action [72]. They are homologous multi-subunit proteins in which the non-toxic B subunit mediates GMj ganglioside binding, and thus are candidates for vaccines that can neutralize toxin activity. [Pg.152]

Immunization of children adolescents against hepatitis B Active immunization against diseases caused by Vibrio cholerae... [Pg.401]


See other pages where Cholera Activation is mentioned: [Pg.125]    [Pg.29]    [Pg.246]    [Pg.246]    [Pg.584]    [Pg.1141]    [Pg.198]    [Pg.30]    [Pg.49]    [Pg.72]    [Pg.197]    [Pg.58]    [Pg.86]    [Pg.137]    [Pg.146]    [Pg.218]    [Pg.89]    [Pg.159]    [Pg.304]    [Pg.203]    [Pg.290]    [Pg.26]    [Pg.26]    [Pg.83]    [Pg.115]    [Pg.143]    [Pg.274]    [Pg.402]    [Pg.6]    [Pg.46]    [Pg.257]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.16 ]




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